College of Engineering (COE)

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Final year project (FYP)

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Now showing 1 - 20 of 97

A study of the dual fuel system using LPG for a single-cylinder, stationary diesel engine
(2025-06-05)
Ban Kean Nam
A significant number of portable generators used in the Malaysia's night markets are powered by single-cylinder diesel engines. The emission from these generators causes air quality in the crowded surrounding to deteriorate. Since LPG is easily available and is commonly used as cooking gas in the night market, an experiment was carried out to study the feasibility of using LPG as alternative fuel. This dissertation discusses the results of the initial phase to convert the stationary diesel engine to dual fuel system. In the experiment, a comparative study was carried out to compare the engine performance and emission with diesel and LPG as fuel. Engine modifications were kept to minimum in order to reduce cost. The results obtained show that the engine running on dual fuel system delivered a higher power and torque than diesel fuel on high load condition. The highest power achieved by dual fuel system was 2.8kW, an increase of 10 percent output, whereas for the low load operation, the diesel fuel performed better. A cleaner emission was observed while it runs on dual fuel system. There was less NO, and CO2 emission, a reduction of 12% and 6% respectively for high load condition as compared to diesel fuel. However, a higher CO emission was recorded in the exhaust for dual fuel system, the reasons were discussed in chapter five in this dissertation.
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A study on moulding characteristics and mechanical properties of injection moulded component
(2015)
Bala Prakesh Indaran
This project focuses mainly on the design of the injection moulding experiment that will enable us to reach an optimize setting of injection moulding parameters to produce the best possible product. Injection moulding is the process using injection moulding machine where thermo-softening polymer powder, or granules, are placed into a feed hopper connected to a heating chamber. The polymer is then heated to its melt temperature until the fluid state is attained. The molten polymer is then pressurized through a nozzle by advancing the polymer melt by a screw shaped piston where the mechanism injects the plastic melt into the mould. These are often water- cooled to fasten the setting such that when the plastic becomes solid again the die is opened and the component is ejected. Any flashing is then removed. The process has certain parameters that can affect the end product's properties. In this project, injection process variable parameters were chosen such as injection pressure, injection speed and cooling time. All other parameters were kept constant. Next, the property of the moulded test specimen is tested with Impact Test for its impact strength which is one of the important properties under mechanical properties. These parameters were designed based on previous researches. Therefore, it is of critical importance to effectively control the factors that influences the moulding quality and their properties.
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A study thermal energy storage in building
(2025-03-24)
Azmuddin Azhar
The objective of this project is to understand the Thermal Energy Storage (TES) process and conducting a study on TES in a well defined premise by comparing the TES system with the conventional system. For author's project, firstly author did a research on the conventional method of cooling a building, the problem aroused from the method and what is the need of the industry nowadays in order to overcome the problems. Then author did a background research on TES of a building, the structure of TES, its benefits and how it will contribute in such a way that most industry players will want it for an alternative to cool their premises. Next author secured a place for him to conduct his study, for both methods of cooling. The data gathered from the place of study then compiled and analyzed for conclusion on which cooling method is the best for long term investment. Last but not least is the suggestion from author based on the research that he had done to building owners on the advantages of using TES rather than the conventional method.
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An investigation into the electrical and thermal aging
(2025-06-05)
Aeni Haryati Hashim
The fundamental aim of this project is to investigate the effect of thermal and electrical aging on the properties of the transformer oil and then suggest methods to detect the level of aging. This report discusses the possible alternative methods; they are measurements of de conductivity, ac conductivity, density, refractive index, viscosity, and visible spectroscopy of the oil. A comprehensive description on how each of the alternative method can be implemented and the results acquired is presented. Two types of samples, the capped samples and the PTFE samples are prepared in the lab to investigate the effect of thermal aging and a sample called electrical sample for electrical aging. A comparison is then made between the prepared samples and a sample from an 'in-service transformer' known as the turret sample to verify the results obtained. A series of discussion done in this report leads to a conclusion that thermal and electrical aging changes the properties of the transformer oil and the rate of aging is affected by the amount of oxygen present during the process. Also, all the methods recommended can be used to observe the property change provided the samples being compared are from the same batch. However, the density measurement will provide the best accuracy and reproducibility, as it is less prone to random errors.
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Analysis of burr during forging process in production line and set up a new step to eliminate burr at Asian Automotive Stells Sdn. Bhd
(2013)
Rafiuddin Ramly
In manufacturing process, forging process basically is a process of shaping material using compressive force which involves applying pressure by use of presses, hammers, dies or other related machinery to form the material into desired shape [1]. The project is all about process of burr elimination after forging process. Burr problem has been a major defect in the production line since the management had to implement extra process just to eliminate burr formed at the end of work piece. This major defect has caused severe problem to products which can be categorized as one of the big problem in the factory. Burr can be defined as a left over material or small edge pieces remaining attached to a particular work piece after a modification process or plastic deformation process [2]. In order to solve the problem, this project basically requires number of site visit, analyzing sample product and also number of references to be studied and referred to determine mechanisms of burr forming. Sets of trial also need to be done in order to analyze current problem and determine the best solution for related problems before implementation is done at the end of the project. Based on the observation throughout the investigation, burr problem is caused by unsuitable clearance ratio between the punch and matrix punch die used during forging process. Bigger clearance punch will cause excessive burr left while smaller clearance punch will cause less burr formed but if it is too small, it will cause the die wear off quickly. So, the author must choose the optimum clearance ratio for the punching process. Other than that, new design also being proposed to the management in order to solve the matter. Extra step need to be implemented during forging process to remove and minimize the burr forming despite eliminating current grinding process. Sets of researches and studies will be done in order determine the best possible solution for this problem.
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Analysis of precast industrial building system non load bearing wall
(2012)
Mohd Khuizham Abd Halim
The construction for the housing should develop a new technology to replace conventional method. Industrialized building system (IBS) is suitable method adapt to housing construction development. Pre-cast concrete framing system combined with precast non load bearing wall is an idea to apply in housing development. That study focus on design of precast non load bearing wall specific for low cost housing. All the dimensions of wall panels proposed are standardized produced by factory and suit to majority of housing. Staad pro software has been used to model and analysis wall panel during lifting support condition process. The method must consider for these three lifting support condition of wall panel with two different thicknesses. The results show the comparison thicknesses between 115mm and 200mm. Without loading applied to wall panel, the moment produced by lifting used to design wall panel. From this study, sufficient lifting points should be used to minimize over-stressing on certain areas. Sectional thickness of precast element should be increased to accommodate demoulding and handling stresses. So, proper handling techniques should be adopted to avoid cracking may have occurred during lifting process.
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Analysis on power system behavior subjected to symmetrical and unsymmetrical fault using PSS/E software
(2024-12-04)
Hasrul Rafandi Haroon
Power System, behaves differently during normal and abnormal conditions. It is for important to analyze the behaviour of power system at both conditions for planning and design purpose in order to make sure that the system remains in stable condition with its critical parameters within the acceptable limits. This project will focus on the analysis of power system behaviour during normal and abnormal conditions including symmetrical and unsymmetrical faults. To design a better system for the power utility, was conduck & a study must be made to find the behaviour of the system during the occurrence of to fault in order/determine the weakness and the condition of the system and then develop the new idea for improving the power system. For this analysis, PSS/E simulation will be used in modelling the system and simulating the system according to the various types of fault that may occur in the power system.
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Analysis on the behavior of the grid system with distributed generation during abnormal condition
(2016)
Zahaer Firdaus Zaharudin
This thesis reports the study on the grid behavior with distributed generation (DG) during abnormal condition utilizing Siemens PSS/E software. Inverter based DG in particular photovoltaic plant is focused on. Previous study states that DG implementation may affect the system both positively and negatively at steady state. Similarly, it can have adverse effect during abnormal condition such as system fault. This study consists of the development of a stable test system as a platform for applying different case study. A test system is modelled based on IEEE 39-bus system to replicate a high voltage power system. Dynamic simulation is applied to study the effect of DG implementation to the high voltage transmission grid. Comparisons in terms of DG presence, size and fault location allow further analysis regarding its correlation with existing theoretical knowledge.
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Auto discovery in fiber to the home using MATLAB GUI
(2025-07-17)
Farah Wahidah Razali
EPON is the new technologies for broadband to access networking technology in FTTH. This thesis is a report based on how the auto discovery processes take part in the EPON. The automated discovery of ONU and the coordination of the operation between ONUS and the OLT is the mandate of MPCP. In order for one ONU to be discovered and automatically detected, the RTT of each ONU must be studied and being known. Simulations of the calculation of RTT are made using the MATLAB GUI to analyze the value of RTT itself. The number of offered load and also number of ONUS are being varied in order to analyze the RTT value result.
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Bioehanol production from rice husk by liquid fermentation process
(2014)
Lisma Mohd Amir
Lignocellulosic biomass is an alternative source but its availability is poorly documented. This review discusses the bioethanol production from rice husk by liquid fermentation. in developing countries, with limited natural resources, biomass is cheapest replacement of fossil fuels, which is freely available hence in the present study an attempt was made to convert the rice husk to alternative fuels through biological means by fermentation method. The glucose concentration produced at optimum rice husk pretreated liquid(2M, ph 4.7, 90min) condition is 96.337 g/L. For the enzymatic hydrolysis most of the glucose were released in 48 hour which is 50.728 g/L. Next, the average glucose(reducing) produce at 12 hour is 6.247(g/L) and lastly at 72 hour is 0.0751(g/L).
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CFD modeling on coal properties towards the burnout efficiency
(2014)
Nabil Asyraf Abd Halim
This thesis reports development of CFD modeling of coal combustion in a coal-fired boiler using different coal rank. The boiler performance is observed based on the temperature distribution, flame distribution, velocity distribution and flow field of gases. The coal and air are basically injected in a tangentially fired furnace from four different firing angle and the air fuel ratio need to be calculated in order to determine the right value of mass flow rates for both coal ranking used for this study. The coal ranking has different coal properties which are going to affect the boiler performance. CFD is a branch of fluid mechanics that uses numerical methods and algorithms to solve and analyze problems that involve fluid flows. CFD modeling is recognized widely to be a cost effective, advanced tool for optimizing the design and operating condition of the pulverized coal-fired furnaces for achieving cleaner and efficient power generation. The numerical simulation can predict the turbulent flow and temperature profile inside the boiler. The study consists of researching from the previous works relating the CFD modeling on coal combustion and validating of test cases while learning on how to work with GAMBIT and FLUENT at the same time. Methodology is discussed on procedures and methods in modeling the simulation for this project and how to present the results.
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CFD modelling of syngas combustion in a can comvustor using non-perimex model
(2014)
Mohamad Firdaus Zulkafli
Numerical investigation of the combustion of syngas fuel mixture in gas turbine can combustor is presented in this dissertation. The aim is to comprehend the effect to emission and combustor performance from utilizing various compositions of syngas fuel and lower heating value. Basically, the reason gas turbine can combustor is modelled is to burn the fuel efficiently, lower the emissions, and decrease temperature of the wall. Different feed stocks (coal, biomass, waste) undergo different gasification processes in order to produce syngas. The composition of syngas is burned in can combustor is changing from methane natural gas to syngas fuel with hydrogen to carbon monoxide (H2/CO) volume ratio ranging from 0.62 to 0.98. The k-ɛ model for turbulent flow, mixture fractions/PDF model for non-premixed gas ignition, and P-1 radiation model are the mathematical models utilized for syngas fuel. The impact to the flame shape, gas temperature, carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions is determined from the utilization of lower heating value and syngas fuel composition. The obtained upcoming shows that the gas turbines can combustor performance were changing when replacing the source from natural gas to syngas fuels.
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CFD simulation on the temperature spread problem in a silo type gas turbine combustor
(2015)
Rishi Kumar Sundarass
A Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulation of a silo type gas turbine combustor was carried out. This type of gas turbine usually has two identical silo type combustors on its left side and right side. Each combustor has eight burners, which can be fuelled with distillate gas or combination of both. Angle 45° is taken as the baseline angle to act as the reference angle for this research. Study is conducted to see the effect of varying this swirl angle on the combustion profile and temperature spread inside the combustor. The model of the combustor is created using CFD software GAMBIT. The simulations were carried out at swirl angle of 35°, 45° and 55°. The results of the simulation are analysed to see the temperature pattern and velocity pattern at the combustor outlet. Parameters such as Maximum Temperature (Tmax), Minimum Temperature (Tmin), Average Temperature (Tavg), Differential Temperature (AT) and Maximum Velocity () across the combustor outlet are tabulated and analysed. The parameters stated above are important to determine hot spot and uneven temperature spread at the combustor outlet at the various swirl angle. The results will be compared with the baseline data at 45° as it will act as the reference. The velocity (U) near the swirl increases as the swirl angle is increased. This shows that there is better mixture of fuel and air at high swirl angle. The result indicates that the swirl angle plays an important part in uneven temperature spread problem. From the analysis of the results it can be concluded that the best possible angle is 55° and above, thus to improve the temperature spread problem the swirl value should be increased.
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Comparative analysis of solar thermal and photovoltaic cooling system in Kuala Lumpur region
(2015)
Nurfarahin Hazwani Zuliki
In this thesis, a comparison and analyses of solar thermal and solar photovoltaic (PV) air-conditioning technologies for a house under the climate of Kuala Lumpur. The house cooling demand is firstly obtained from calculation of power demand by air- conditioning. Based on these calculation, two scenarios are designed in order to compensate the cooling demand for the air-conditioning. These scenarios are solar thermal air-conditioning without storage (absorption chiller) and PV air-conditioning without storage The cooling compensation is simulated by MATLAB GUI for each scenario. On the other hand, MATLAB GUI demonstrates that the daily percentage of cooling energy compensation difference between the PV and thermal without storage scenarios does not exceed 1 %. However, differences exist between these two scenarios. The performance of daily direct cooling compensation by the thermal air-conditioning scenarios is more efficient than in the solar air-conditioning scenario which is 53.53% for solar thermal and 42% for solar PV. The maximum cooling output for solar thermal is 15.0004 kW at the peak hour while for solar PV is 14.9504 kW at the peak hour (2.00 p.m). The solar thermal air-conditioning scenario behaves and compensates the cooling demand better than the solar PV air-conditioning to cover the same amount of cooling load demand. This research can be extended to compare and analyze the both scenarios with the storage systems in terms of primary energy. Moreover, the future cost reduction by learning curves of both technologies can influence the economic feasibility.
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Comparative study and technical performance analysis of energy saving devices
(2025-03-24)
Sharmiga A/P Ravinthar
This is a research basis project focusing on energy or utility bill saving devices that is being marketed all around the world. This thesis consists of research on two energy saving devices which is the capacitor banks and energy saver card or in my research I am using the Power play card. My project will be a study on the capacitor banks and the Power play card on how it saves electricity theoretically and whether it is true. The main aim of my project is to determine whether these devices do really save electricity or utility bills and if it does how it saves and if it doesn't what is the use of these devices and how is it related to energy saving as claimed by sellers. If it does save energy my project will also determine which device performs better.
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Comparing the differences of weldment layer between GMAW (Gas Metal ARC Welding) and oxy-acetylene welding on a flat steel plate
(2014)
Ragu Karuppiah
Metal weldment failures is the most popular reason in the industrial world which contributes to accidents and mishaps. Welded structure from most of the structures and machineries in the industries. Welding of flat steel plate with other type of structures or with another flat plate is the most commonly done work in the industries. To investigate the strength of different welding type of the flat steel plates and conclude the better type of welding on flat steel plate, this project has been devised to investigate the weldment layer between GMAW and oxy acetylene if it would have significant difference on a normal flat steel plate. This is because both welding methods are different in the way it is done and finished. Different type of welding will have different strength properties and differs in welding content. Therefore, 2 type of NDT methods will be performed on the metal plates namely dye-penetrant testing and radiography on both the GMAW and oxy acetylene welded flat steel plate. A tensile testing for both of the welded metal plates would be conducted to prove which type of welding is stronger than the other one. Hence a conclusion can be made on which type of welding is stronger and suitable for a flat steel plate and come up with a positive result.
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Controlled anti-mosquito breeding ground powered by solar panels
(2019)
Mohamad Afeef Mohd Fuad
Malaysia has been, for many years, actively involved in the fight against mosquito- related diseases. Nevertheless, recent spike in dengue cases calls for more effective methods in eliminating mosquitoes. In light of this, this project undertakes to address the need by reviewing present methods and fill the gap by developing a more effective device. This thesis focuses on designing and fabricating a repellent device that transforms light energy from the sun to kinetic energy thus making it a sustainable one. This device is developed to eliminate mosquito larvae in stagnant water bodies which is unlike many other methods which exterminate adult mosquitoes instead. Therefore, with this device, mosquitoes are eliminated at its source and this would curb breeding. The novelty of this device is that it uses two methods concurrently in eliminating larvae namely the ripple method and another that uses electrical current to disrupt the mosquito life cycle at the larvae stage. Therefore, this project has developed an improved version of a previous device which has already been commercialized in not only presenting two methods to destroy the larvae but also included a battery charger in the device which was not found in the earlier device. This charger helps to regulate the current such that the buzzer and the LED light, which are the alarm systems in the new device, to work efficiently. It is hope that this new device which is cost-effective, eco-friendly, portable and upgradable could help members of the community to fight against dengue.
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Data acquisition system for solar car monitoring
(2011)
Mohd Hafiz Ab Rahaman
Solar power research and development are driven by the desire to maximize energy consumption and efficiency. Solar car racing represents one aspect of university-level contributions to these efforts. The thesis entitled Data Acquisition System for Solar Car Monitoring aims to develop data acquisition system which will act as data traffic management or controller using motor controller on Uniten's solar car. The project consists of four parts, namely identify, design, construct and test a working data acquisition for solar car monitoring. In this project, the goal was to collect and transmit data from the sensors to the driver's display panel and to the computer located in the chase vehicle. This data will provide data about the solar car's status such as battery voltage, current, temperature and etc. The accurate data received will allow further modification or solve some problems of the solar car. This will then allow the driver to optimize his or her performance better in solar car race.
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Design a portable power supply using solar energy
(2013)
Nik Muhd Qhaidir Nik Ahmed Nerang
Many countries in the world are heavily dependent on the non-renewable energy and polluting sources to generate electricity, so renewable energy is rapidly gaining importance as an energy resource as fossil fuel prices fluctuate. One of the most popular renewable energy sources is solar energy. The purpose of this research to describe about study on renewable energy and applied at Design a Portable Power Supply Using Solar Energy system. This aim is study obtaining the technical data for realize Design a Portable Power Supply Using Solar Energy. This system is designed for outdoor application in un-electrified remote rural areas which is provided portable power source and also as a backup power supply. The equipment using the solar cell as a source of energy which use as a power supply for the field and which is excellent in maintenance, supply and does not have noise, exhaust gas and exhaust heat. This equipment consist solar charge controller, lead acid battery, and inverter. The solar panel is connected with solar charge controller that the main job of charge control is feed electricity from the solar panel to the battery in the most efficient manner and to prevent the solar panels from overcharging the battery. Battery is coupling with the solar charge controller. The battery will serve as an energy storage device. An inverter circuit is use to invert the 12 volt direct current (DC) and steps it up to 240 volt alternating current (AC) energy. This design is apply at home appliances as a load for the system. Testing for this project consisted of testing the photovoltaic panel, testing the solar charge controller, testing the inverter and combination in series photovoltaic with solar charge controller and finally testing the whole system. In this project, 20Watt solar panel is use to charge the battery through the solar charge controller. The solar charge controller is use to prevent the battery from overcharging and there are five LED in solar charge controller to indicate the situation of battery. The inverter circuit is to produce sine wave output with low noise with apply up to 240V AC. This circuit using a rechargeable battery as an input and the out of the power is depending on the transformer.
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Design and analysis of a solar power assisted driving mechanism
(2012)
Ng Boon Siang
Everyone enjoys an occasional stroll on a bicycle once in a while. For those who are adrenaline junkies, they enjoy the thrill of going up and down steep hills. Unfortunately those could be really tiring for those who aren't in a good shape but still they have the enthusiasm for an adventure, those activities could be really taxing to the body and even lethal when concentration is on the low when fatigue takes control of the body. Therefore, the need for an assisted pedaling mechanism arises to provide an additional force to lessen the pressure on the legs. What better ways to do it than using a solar assisted driving mechanism mounted on the bicycle gear system? The rising issue of eco-friendly technology these days has created awareness for all of us to think of improving everyday necessity to be more sustainable looking at the depleting resource of our mother nature. As a result, the use of renewable energy in the form of sunlight was taught to be the best alternative for this outdoor vehicle. A solar assisted driving mechanism for bicycle would be the prefect addition to the bicycle in terms of convenience and sustainability. It could also attract the general public to use it as their main mean of transportation to further promote eco-friendly technology as a way to preserve our natural resources. The purpose of this project is to design and build a solar assisted driving mechanism for bicycle. The objective of the driving mechanism is to aide the cyclist when going uphill or even just a normal stroll on flat roads by providing an extra force powered by the motor attached to the bicycle system. The motor will also use electric as the only source of power through the solar panel, which is connected to the motor. By having the photovoltaic cells transforming the light into electricity will power the motor to pump in additional torque to aide the forward movement of the bicycle. The assistance will be activated through pedaling which has a magnetic switch and microcontroller to detect the rpm of the pedal and smartly detect the voltage produced to determine when to activate the motor.
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