Publication: Role of the catalyst structure-activity relationship in enhancing the selective oxidation yield of n-butane to maleic anhydride
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Date
2024
Authors
Faizan M.
Aamir E.
Kiong T.S.
Song H.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Royal Society of Chemistry
Abstract
Vanadium phosphorus oxide (VPO) catalysts are synthesized for utilization of lighter alkanes such as n-butane to produce maleic anhydride (MA) by a selective oxidation process. Such a process has received huge global attention because of greater selectivity, eco-friendliness and being a less-expensive process as compared to the benzene oxidation process for the production of MA. Herein, we introduced for the first time 2-D MXene Ti3C2 (Mx) into VPO synthesis and prepared Ti3C2@VPO (MXene@VPO; Mx@VPO) nanocomposites via solvothermal and ball milling processes as a promoter and supporter at different (1-5) wt% for the evolution of n-butane selective oxidation. Among them, the solvothermal based promoted catalyst (5% Mx@VPO) exhibited large MA selectivity (up to 11%) as compared to the unpromoted catalyst. Simultaneously, it will decrease the COx selectivity (CO2 and CO). More importantly, the CO : CO2 ratio is reduced up to 1.5 from 2.01, which is beneficial for the environment and chemical plants. From various characterization techniques such as BET, XPS, SEM, TEM, XRD, FT-IR, NH3-TPD, H2-TPR, EDS, EPR, Raman, and TG/DTA we confirmed the role of MXene as a structure directing agent and electron promoting agent in VPO catalysis. ? 2024 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Description
Keywords
Butane , Carbon dioxide , Catalyst activity , Catalyst selectivity , Chemical plants , Oxidation , Vanadium compounds , Catalysts structures , n-Butane , Oxidation yield , Selective oxidation , Selective oxidation process , Solvothermal , Structure-activity relationships , Synthesised , Vanadium phosphorus oxide catalysts , Vanadium phosphorus oxides , Ammonia