Publication: Conversion of seaweed waste to biochar for the removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution: A sustainable method to address eutrophication problem in water bodies
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Date
2024
Authors
Ravindiran G.
Rajamanickam S.
Ramalingam M.
Hayder G.
Sathaiah B.K.
Gaddam M.K.R.
Muniasamy S.K.
Arunkumar P.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Academic Press Inc.
Abstract
The present study investigated the sustainable approach for wastewater treatment using waste algal blooms. The current study investigated the removal of toxic metals namely chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn) from aqueous solutions in batch and column studies using biochar produced by the marine algae Ulva reticulata. SEM/EDX, FTIR, and XRD were used to examine the adsorbents' properties and stability. The removal efficiency of toxic metals in batch operations was investigated by varying the parameters, which included pH, biochar dose, initial metal ion concentration, and contact time. Similarly, in the column study, the removal efficiency of heavy metal ions was investigated by varying bed height, flow rate, and initial metal ion concentration. Response Surface Methodology (Central Composite Design (CCD)) was used to confirm the linearity between the observed and estimated values of the adsorption quantity. The packed bed column demonstrated successful removal rates of 90.38% for Cr, 91.23% for Ni, and 89.92% for Zn heavy metals from aqueous solutions, under a controlled environment. The breakthrough analysis also shows that the Thomas and Adams-Bohart models best fit the regression values, allowing prior breakthroughs in the packed bed column to be predicted. Desorption studies were conducted to understand sorption and elution during different regeneration cycles. Adding 0.3 N sulfuric acid over 40 min resulted in the highest desorption rate of the column and adsorbent used for all three metal ions. ? 2023 Elsevier Inc.
Description
Keywords
Adsorption , Chromium , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Ions , Kinetics , Metals, Heavy , Nickel , Seaweed , Water , Water Pollutants, Chemical , Zinc , Adsorption , Algae , Chemicals removal (water treatment) , Desorption , Efficiency , Eutrophication , Metal ions , Packed beds , Wastewater treatment , adsorbent , charcoal , chromium , heavy metal , nickel , water , zinc , charcoal , chromium , heavy metal , ion , water , zinc , Algal biochar , Biochar , Clean water and sanitation , Clean waters , Column study , Kinetic study , Metal ion concentration , Packed bed column , Removal efficiencies , Toxic metals , adsorption , aqueous solution , biochar , desorption , heavy metal , pollutant removal , reaction kinetics , sanitation , adsorption , algal bloom , aqueous solution , Article , central composite design , contact time , controlled study , crystal structure , desorption , elution , energy dispersive X ray spectroscopy , eutrophication , flow rate , Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , heavy metal removal , hydrogen bond , marine alga , nonhuman , nutrient content , pH , response surface method , sanitation , scanning electron microscopy , seaweed , surface area , surface property , waste water management , water treatment , X ray diffraction , kinetics , water pollutant , Heavy metals