Publication: Review of chitosan-based polymers as proton exchange membranes and roles of chitosan- supported ionic liquids
Date
2020
Authors
Hanna Rosli N.A.
Loh K.S.
Wong W.Y.
Mohamad Yunus R.
Khoon Lee T.
Ahmad A.
Chong S.T.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
MDPI AG
Abstract
Perfluorosulphonic acid-based membranes such as Nafion are widely used in fuel cell applications. However, these membranes have several drawbacks, including high expense, non-ecofriendliness, and low proton conductivity under anhydrous conditions. Biopolymer-based membranes, such as chitosan (CS), cellulose, and carrageenan, are popular. They have been introduced and are being studied as alternative materials for enhancing fuel cell performance, because they are environmentally friendly and economical. Modifications that will enhance the proton conductivity of biopolymer-based membranes have been performed. Ionic liquids, which are good electrolytes, are studied for their potential to improve the ionic conductivity and thermal stability of fuel cell applications. This review summarizes the development and evolution of CS biopolymer-based membranes and ionic liquids in fuel cell applications over the past decade. It also focuses on the improved performances of fuel cell applications using biopolymer-based membranes and ionic liquids as promising clean energy. � 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Description
carbon nanotube; carrageenan; cellulose; chitosan biopolymer; chitosan derivative; electrolyte; fuel; graphene oxide; hygroscopic agent; ionic liquid; microsphere; nanocomposite; nanomaterial; phosphotungstic acid; proton; proton conducting ionic liquid; unclassified drug; zeolite; zirconium oxide; chitosan; ionic liquid; polymer; proton; antimicrobial activity; biopolymer structure; chemical modification; cross linking; electric conductivity; humidity; hydrogen bond; ion exchange; ion transport; membrane transport; nonhuman; oxidation; phosphorylation; physical chemistry; polymer blending; polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell; proton exchange membrane; proton transport; quaternization; Review; sulphonation; temperature; thermostability; tissue engineering; water transport; cell membrane; chemistry; electric conductivity; metabolism; Cell Membrane; Chitosan; Electric Conductivity; Ionic Liquids; Polymers; Protons