Publication: Chitosan/poly vinyl alcohol/graphene oxide based ph-responsive composite hydrogel films: Drug release, anti-microbial and cell viability studies
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Date
2021
Authors
Khan M.U.A.
Yaqoob Z.
Nainar M.M.A.
Razak S.I.A.
Raza M.A.
Sajjad A.
Haider S.
Busra F.M.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
MDPI
Abstract
The composite hydrogels were produced using the solution casting method due to the non-toxic and biocompatible nature of chitosan (CS)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The best composition was chosen and crosslinked with tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), after which different amounts of graphene oxide (GO) were added to develop composite hydrogels. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and contact angle was used to analyze the hydrogels. The samples were also evaluated for swelling abilities in various mediums. The drug release profile was studied in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at a pH of 7.4. To predict the mechanism of drug release, the data were fitted into kinetic models. Finally, antibacterial activity and cell viability data were obtained. FTIR studies revealed the successful synthesis of CS/PVA hydrogels and GO/CS/PVA in hydrogel composite. SEM showed no phase separation of the polymers, whereas AFM showed a decrease in surface roughness with an increase in GO content. 100 �L of crosslinker was the critical concentration at which the sample displayed excellent swelling and preserved its structure. Both the crosslinked and composite hydrogel showed good swelling. The most acceptable mechanism of drug release is diffusion-controlled, and it obeys Fick�s law of diffusion for drug released. The best fitting of the zero-order, Hixson-Crowell and Higuchi models supported our assumption. The GO/CS/PVA hydrogel composite showed better antibacterial and cell viability behaviors. They can be better biomaterials in biomedical applications. � 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Description
Chitosan; Contact angle; Controlled drug delivery; Crosslinking; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Graphene oxide; Hydrogels; Medical applications; Oxide films; Phase separation; Scanning electron microscopy; Surface roughness; Targeted drug delivery; Anti-bacterial activity; Atomic-force-microscopy; Cell viability; Composite hydrogels; Drug release; Hydrogels composites; PH-responsive; Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA); Poly(vinyl alcohol); Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA); Biocompatibility