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Optimisation and prediction modeling of hardened concrete characteristics incorporating coal bottom Ash (CBA) via the response surface methodology (RSM)

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dc.citedby1
dc.contributor.authorKu Meh K.M.F.en_US
dc.contributor.authorMohd Zuki S.S.en_US
dc.contributor.authorAlgaifi H.A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorOmar Z.en_US
dc.contributor.authorShahidan S.en_US
dc.contributor.authorShamsuddin S.-M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorIhsan F.en_US
dc.contributor.authorid59296723000en_US
dc.contributor.authorid57192910926en_US
dc.contributor.authorid57203885467en_US
dc.contributor.authorid57576144000en_US
dc.contributor.authorid55561483700en_US
dc.contributor.authorid57199324380en_US
dc.contributor.authorid59296354700en_US
dc.date.accessioned2025-03-03T07:41:35Z
dc.date.available2025-03-03T07:41:35Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.description.abstractThe use of Coal bottom ash (CBA) as a sand substitute in concrete has become an interesting research topic due to its potential to produce sustainable concrete. However, there is an ongoing need to optimise critical parameters in CBA concrete. Therefore, this research aims to optimise three independent variables involving CBA content, water-cement (WC) ratio, and curing ages based on the highest hardened properties, experimentally and theoretically. In particular, based on the face-centered central composite design (FC-CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM), 18 mixes of various combinations of the independent factors (WC ratio: 0.40�0.50, CBA replacement: 5�20%, and curing ages: 28�56 days) were generated, and this investigation primary focused on two responses (compressive strength and water absorption). The proposed models were validated using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and other statistical parameters, and the findings suggested that both models of compressive strength and water absorption were significant and reliable, with p-values less than 0.0001 (p < 0.0001). The coefficient of determination (R2) values discovered were very high, with values of 0.99 and 0.94 for compressive strength and water absorption, respectively, indicating a significant relationship between the actual and predicted values. The results revealed that the compressive strength of CBA concrete was higher than that of the characteristic strength of the control mix (30�MPa) for all levels of replacement percentage. The optimal conditions for compressive strength and minimal water absorption in CBA concrete were achieved when the lowest CBA replacement was 5%, and the WC ratio was 0.40 for 28 and 56 days. The validation findings revealed that the variation data for both models was less than 5%, indicating that the proposed equations had the potential to predict future observations. ? The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.en_US
dc.description.natureFinalen_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s41939-024-00565-6
dc.identifier.epage6128
dc.identifier.issue6
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85201931405
dc.identifier.spage6113
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85201931405&doi=10.1007%2fs41939-024-00565-6&partnerID=40&md5=db4d32ea110943e7cbeb1971e81eec60
dc.identifier.urihttps://irepository.uniten.edu.my/handle/123456789/36211
dc.identifier.volume7
dc.pagecount15
dc.publisherSpringer Science and Business Media B.V.en_US
dc.sourceScopus
dc.sourcetitleMultiscale and Multidisciplinary Modeling, Experiments and Design
dc.subjectAge hardening
dc.subjectCoal research
dc.subjectCompressive strength
dc.subjectConcrete mixtures
dc.subjectPrediction models
dc.subjectBottom ash
dc.subjectCoal bottom ash
dc.subjectCuring age
dc.subjectHardened concrete
dc.subjectOptimisations
dc.subjectOptimization models
dc.subjectPrediction modelling
dc.subjectResearch topics
dc.subjectResponse-surface methodology
dc.subjectSand replacement
dc.subjectCoal ash
dc.titleOptimisation and prediction modeling of hardened concrete characteristics incorporating coal bottom Ash (CBA) via the response surface methodology (RSM)en_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dspace.entity.typePublication
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