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Cooling tower performance and the ambiguity of the L/G ratio scheme in optimization: A single cell control volume approach

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dc.citedby1
dc.contributor.authorMohd Amir F.en_US
dc.contributor.authorYusoff M.Z.en_US
dc.contributor.authorAbu Hassan S.H.en_US
dc.contributor.authorid57345211100en_US
dc.contributor.authorid7003976733en_US
dc.contributor.authorid57222529972en_US
dc.date.accessioned2024-10-14T03:18:36Z
dc.date.available2024-10-14T03:18:36Z
dc.date.issued2023
dc.description.abstractPresent optimization schemes and innovative operation strategies of the cooling tower often encounter unexpected results, which may derail the effort for better efficiency. In some instances, the practice may even cause energy and water wastage. In this study, the single-cell approach is performed numerically, translating the full cooling tower fill into the smallest fundamental state of control volume to investigate the performance ambiguity attributed to the L/G ratio scheme. Two types of surface are proposed to investigate the surface effect. The actual fluid rate inside the fill varies by 20�50% between the two fill surfaces, which is relatively higher on the multi-faceted single cell. The Merkel number is integrated into the analysis by examining the liquid-gas interface for heat transfer assessment. The lower fluid rate on the circular single cell generates a higher Merkel number than the multi-faceted single cell. Even though the 32% increase in Merkel number is achieved under various liquid loads on the multi-faceted single cell, approximately half of the operating liquid load leads to decreasing Merkel number. Meanwhile, the reaction axis is introduced to characterize the surface fill under the effect of the liquid load. It is symmetrical on the circular single cell, indicating a positive linear effect to increasing liquid load. On the contrary, the reaction axis is asymmetrical on the multi-faceted single cell suggesting a negative linear effect which also leads to excess unproductive fluid rate. � 2023 Elsevier Ltden_US
dc.description.natureFinalen_US
dc.identifier.ArtNo106653
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2023.106653
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85149058481
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85149058481&doi=10.1016%2fj.icheatmasstransfer.2023.106653&partnerID=40&md5=8037fc0f9a6366358382d418281cca22
dc.identifier.urihttps://irepository.uniten.edu.my/handle/123456789/34244
dc.identifier.volume142
dc.publisherElsevier Ltden_US
dc.sourceScopus
dc.sourcetitleInternational Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer
dc.subjectCooling tower
dc.subjectCooling tower fill
dc.subjectEnergy
dc.subjectHeat transfer of fluid film
dc.subjectMerkel model
dc.subjectVolume of fluid
dc.subjectCells
dc.subjectCooling towers
dc.subjectCytology
dc.subjectLiquefied gases
dc.subjectPhase interfaces
dc.subjectCooling tower fill
dc.subjectEnergy
dc.subjectFluid films
dc.subjectFluid rates
dc.subjectHeat transfer of fluid film
dc.subjectLiquid loads
dc.subjectMerkel model
dc.subjectMerkel number
dc.subjectSingle cells
dc.subjectVolume of fluids
dc.subjectCooling
dc.titleCooling tower performance and the ambiguity of the L/G ratio scheme in optimization: A single cell control volume approachen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dspace.entity.typePublication
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