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Modelling Sustainable Non-Renewable and Renewable Energy Based on the EKC Hypothesis for Africa�s Ten Most Popular Tourist Destinations

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dc.citedby39
dc.contributor.authorVoumik L.C.en_US
dc.contributor.authorRahman M.H.en_US
dc.contributor.authorNafi S.M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorHossain M.A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorRidzuan A.R.en_US
dc.contributor.authorMohamed Yusoff N.Y.en_US
dc.contributor.authorid58529725000en_US
dc.contributor.authorid57223041870en_US
dc.contributor.authorid57206666312en_US
dc.contributor.authorid58139945000en_US
dc.contributor.authorid57201919567en_US
dc.contributor.authorid55812094300en_US
dc.date.accessioned2024-10-14T03:18:41Z
dc.date.available2024-10-14T03:18:41Z
dc.date.issued2023
dc.description.abstractThe main purpose of this study was to examine how tourism, GDP, renewable energy, and fossil fuels cause environmental damage. This study examined ten African countries between 1997 and 2021 to test the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) theory. Egypt, South Africa, Kenya, Morocco, Tanzania, Tunisia, Mauritius, Ghana, Uganda, and Nigeria are the ten African countries with the most tourists. In this paper, the augmented mean group (AMG), mean group (MG), and common correlated effects mean group (CCEMG) models were used to deal with slope heterogeneity (SH), cross-sectional dependence (CSD), and a mix of first-differenced and level stationary variables. Though the inverted U-shaped exists, the findings are significant only for MG. The impact of renewable energy is favorable for the environment and significant for the AMG estimator. Inversely, impact of tourist arrivals and fossil fuels are detrimental for environment and significant. Based on the findings for each country, the tourism-based EKC theory only works for Kenya, Egypt, and Tanzania. The research found that using more renewable energy minimizes CO2 emissions more effectively in almost all countries except Morocco and Ghana. Ghana, Kenya, and Uganda�s CO2 emissions increase when more tourists come from other countries. For the sake of both tourism and the environment, the government must reconsider its tourism policies and implement ones that include renewable energy. The findings of this study assist in the transition to clean energy, aiding in sustainable tourism growth. As a result, selected countries should develop a new tourism plan that focuses on renewable energy sources and protects the environment. � 2023 by the authors.en_US
dc.description.natureFinalen_US
dc.identifier.ArtNo4029
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/su15054029
dc.identifier.issue5
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85149986925
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85149986925&doi=10.3390%2fsu15054029&partnerID=40&md5=e92fad836ae1d11f274b4f28eac0873c
dc.identifier.urihttps://irepository.uniten.edu.my/handle/123456789/34259
dc.identifier.volume15
dc.publisherMDPIen_US
dc.relation.ispartofAll Open Access
dc.relation.ispartofGold Open Access
dc.sourceScopus
dc.sourcetitleSustainability (Switzerland)
dc.subjectcarbon emission
dc.subjectCCEMG
dc.subjectEKC
dc.subjectenvironment
dc.subjectquantile regression
dc.subjectrenewable energy
dc.subjecttourism in Africa
dc.subjecttourist arrivals
dc.subjectEgypt
dc.subjectGhana
dc.subjectKenya
dc.subjectMascarene Islands
dc.subjectMauritius
dc.subjectMorocco
dc.subjectNigeria
dc.subjectSouth Africa
dc.subjectTanzania
dc.subjectTunisia
dc.subjectUganda
dc.subjectalternative energy
dc.subjectcarbon dioxide
dc.subjectcarbon emission
dc.subjectKuznets curve
dc.subjectnonrenewable resource
dc.subjectregression analysis
dc.subjectsustainability
dc.subjecttourist destination
dc.titleModelling Sustainable Non-Renewable and Renewable Energy Based on the EKC Hypothesis for Africa�s Ten Most Popular Tourist Destinationsen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dspace.entity.typePublication
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