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Influence of lightning current parameters and earthing system designs on tower footing impedance of 500 kV lines

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dc.citedby2
dc.contributor.authorMohamad Nasir N.A.F.en_US
dc.contributor.authorAb Kadir M.Z.A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorOsman M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorAbd Rahman M.S.en_US
dc.contributor.authorUngku Amirulddin U.A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorMohd Nasir M.S.en_US
dc.contributor.authorZaini N.H.en_US
dc.contributor.authorNik Ali N.H.en_US
dc.contributor.authorid57218250731en_US
dc.contributor.authorid25947297000en_US
dc.contributor.authorid7201930315en_US
dc.contributor.authorid36609854400en_US
dc.contributor.authorid26422804600en_US
dc.contributor.authorid57196689134en_US
dc.contributor.authorid55865700900en_US
dc.contributor.authorid57196922007en_US
dc.date.accessioned2023-05-29T09:06:22Z
dc.date.available2023-05-29T09:06:22Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.descriptionElectromagnetic fields; Lightning; Outages; Soils; Systems analysis; Towers; 500 kV transmission lines; Earthing system designs; High frequency operation; Lightning current parameters; Lightning performance; Low and high frequencies; Soil-structure analysis; Sustainable operations; Electric groundingen_US
dc.description.abstractThis paper presents an optimum earthing system design for improving the lightning performance of a 500 kV transmission line for its sustainable operation. The study includes an interpretation of the soil profile and compares the results between default and new earthing arrangements for improving tower footing resistance and tower footing impedance. An evaluation of the tower footing resistance (TFR) and impedance (Ri) before and after earthing improvement was carried out. Moreover, the effects of TFR and Ri, also known as low and high?frequency earthing, respectively, based on a specification of TFR and soil resistivity (SR) ranges at various sites were also considered. The analysis was carried out using the SESCAD tool of Current Distribution Electromagnetic Field Grounding and Soil Structure Analysis software (CDEGS) and PSCAD/EMTDC software for low and high frequency earthing, respectively. From the analysis, the results showed that the new earthing arrangement reduced the TFR by 74.11% for Tower T40, 75.71% for Tower T41 and 80.83% for Tower T42. For Ri, the results also demonstrated that the values were significantly decreased below the TFR during a high frequency operation due to the soil ionisation phenomenon that took place during the lightning. All these improvements are now being investigated and studied in all 500 kV networks in Malaysia, where lightning is considered as a major threat in relation to power outages. � 2021 by the author. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.en_US
dc.description.natureFinalen_US
dc.identifier.ArtNo4736
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/en14164736
dc.identifier.issue16
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85112047505
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85112047505&doi=10.3390%2fen14164736&partnerID=40&md5=65176a031c54dd34f12c5c63dd75ea6b
dc.identifier.urihttps://irepository.uniten.edu.my/handle/123456789/26052
dc.identifier.volume14
dc.publisherMDPI AGen_US
dc.relation.ispartofAll Open Access, Gold
dc.sourceScopus
dc.sourcetitleEnergies
dc.titleInfluence of lightning current parameters and earthing system designs on tower footing impedance of 500 kV linesen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dspace.entity.typePublication
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