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Lightning mapping: Techniques, challenges, and opportunities

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dc.citedby6
dc.contributor.authorAlammari A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorAlkahtani A.A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorAhmad M.R.en_US
dc.contributor.authorNoman F.M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorMohd Esa M.R.en_US
dc.contributor.authorKawasaki Z.en_US
dc.contributor.authorTiong S.K.en_US
dc.contributor.authorid57217994803en_US
dc.contributor.authorid55646765500en_US
dc.contributor.authorid16021287600en_US
dc.contributor.authorid55327881300en_US
dc.contributor.authorid56563193100en_US
dc.contributor.authorid36916954400en_US
dc.contributor.authorid15128307800en_US
dc.date.accessioned2023-05-29T08:11:50Z
dc.date.available2023-05-29T08:11:50Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.descriptionMapping; Signal processing; Wavelet transforms; Cross correlations; Direction finder; Lightning radiations; Lightning signals; Localization and mappings; Performance and reliabilities; Technical challenges; Very high frequency; Lightningen_US
dc.description.abstractDespite the significant progress in the understanding of the phenomenon of lightning and the physics behind it, locating and mapping its occurrence remain a challenge. Such localization and mapping of very high frequency (VHF) lightning radiation sources provide a foundation for the subsequent research on predicting lightning, saving lives, and protecting valuable assets. A major technical challenge in attempting to map the sources of lightning is mapping accuracy. The three common electromagnetic radio frequencybased lightning locating techniques are magnetic direction finder, time of arrival, and interferometer (ITF). Understanding these approaches requires critically reviewing previous attempts. The performance and reliability of each method are evaluated on the basis of the mapping accuracy obtained from lightning data from different sources. In this work, we review various methods for lightning mapping. We study the approaches, describe their techniques, analyze their merits and demerits, classify them, and derive few opportunities for further research. We find that the ITF system is the most effective method and that its performance may be improved further. One approach is to improve how lightning signals are preprocessed and how noise is filtered. Signal processing can also be utilized to improve mapping accuracy by introducing methods such as wavelet transform in place of conventional cross-correlation approaches. � 2020 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. All rights reserved.en_US
dc.description.natureFinalen_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3031810
dc.identifier.epage190082
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85102838458
dc.identifier.spage190064
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85102838458&doi=10.1109%2fACCESS.2020.3031810&partnerID=40&md5=4d2bf1ca6acc223cb1834ac968751fc1
dc.identifier.urihttps://irepository.uniten.edu.my/handle/123456789/25623
dc.identifier.volume8
dc.publisherInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.en_US
dc.relation.ispartofAll Open Access, Gold, Green
dc.sourceScopus
dc.sourcetitleIEEE Access
dc.titleLightning mapping: Techniques, challenges, and opportunitiesen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dspace.entity.typePublication
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