Publication: Development of velocity emprical equation for fluid -suspended particles in ogee dam spillway using discrete phase method
Date
2025-03-05
Authors
Nazirul Mubin Zahari
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Abstract
Computational fluid dynamics modelling is being studied and could become a standalone hydraulic system design modelling tool in the future, in addition to
comparing other design methodologies. Fluid-suspended particle flows can lead to abrasive problems. High flow in the spillway discharge area makes it difficult to observe silt and sand particle sizes flowing at ogee dam spillway surface. The main objective of these studies is to identify a fluid -suspended particle velocity profile at a particular segment of the ogee dam spillway and develop a fluid-suspended particle empirical equation. It is important to know which segment has a crucial velocity profile that impacts the spillway. At certain points of ogee dam spillway face, a variety of fluid and suspended particle-fluid behaviours on the ogee dam spillway's structure. A numerical modelling framework was used to simulate the spillway flow, and a discrete phase model was used to calculate the trajectory of fluid-suspended particle velocity in the flowing state. The methodology that approaches the structure integrity of the dam spillway was modelled using Fluid-structure interaction. A particle image velocimetry experiment was conducted to test the simulation result using a scaled-down dam spillway model. The percentage error between simulation and experimental data is equal to or less than 10 percent, indicating that the full-scale numerical model was
acceptable. The highest fluid was recorded is 2.15 m/s and highest particle velocity is 2.37 m/s. An input from a certain parameter, i.e., height, initial velocity, particle density, and particle size, was considered to develop an empirical fluid-suspended particle equation. An input from a parameter, i.e., height of spillway, initial velocity, particle density, and particle size was considered. Findings on structural integrity shows of the maximum stress deformation values under the maximum stress is 0.886 Mpa shows that lower value compare to maximum stress which is 33 Mpa of the spillway structure for each of the three cases. Most of the highest inlet velocity occurs on case 3 (1.5 m/s inlet), has the highest values of the cases. It proves that water velocity has significant low impact to the structural element. Monitoring the deformation and stress spillways is essential to preventing further severe occurrences. In general, this study gave critical insights into the fluid-suspended particle flow profile in spillway structures, which would be important for future dam reliability assessment.
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2024