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Comparison of the Techno-Economic and Environmental Assessment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation and Mechanical Stirring Reactors for the Production of Sustainable Hevea brasiliensis Ethyl Ester

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dc.citedby12
dc.contributor.authorSamuel O.D.en_US
dc.contributor.authorAigba P.A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorTran T.K.en_US
dc.contributor.authorFayaz H.en_US
dc.contributor.authorPastore C.en_US
dc.contributor.authorDer O.en_US
dc.contributor.authorEr�etin A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorEnweremadu C.C.en_US
dc.contributor.authorMustafa A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorid26654977000en_US
dc.contributor.authorid57468185100en_US
dc.contributor.authorid58834181200en_US
dc.contributor.authorid37018106500en_US
dc.contributor.authorid57817504800en_US
dc.contributor.authorid57211663727en_US
dc.contributor.authorid57205335011en_US
dc.contributor.authorid26667690500en_US
dc.contributor.authorid55785371100en_US
dc.date.accessioned2024-10-14T03:17:26Z
dc.date.available2024-10-14T03:17:26Z
dc.date.issued2023
dc.description.abstractEven though the hydrodynamic cavitation reactor (HCR) performs better than the mechanical stirring reactor (MSR) at producing biodiesel, and the ethylic process of biodiesel production is entirely bio-based and environmentally friendly, non-homogeneous ethanol with the triglyceride of underutilized oil, despite the many technical advantages, has discouraged the biodiesel industry and stakeholders from producing ethylic biodiesel in HCRs. This study examines the generation of biodiesel from rubber seed oil (RSO) by comparing the ethyl-based HCR and MSR. Despite ethyl�s technical advantages and environmental friendliness, a lack of scalable protocols for various feedstocks hinders its global adoption. The research employs Aspen HYSYS simulations to investigate the ethanolysis process for RSO in both HCRs and MSRs. The HCR proves more productive, converting 99.01% of RSO compared to the MSR�s 94.85%. The HCR�s exergetic efficiency is 89.56% vs. the MSR�s 54.92%, with significantly lower energy usage. Removing catalytic and glycerin purification stages impacts both processes, with HC showing lower exergy destruction. Economic analysis reveals the HCR�s lower investment cost and higher net present value (USD 57.2 million) and return on investment (176%) compared to the MSR�s. The HCR also has a much smaller carbon footprint, emitting 7.2 t CO2 eq./year, while the MSR emits 172 t CO2 eq./year. This study provides database information for quickly scaling up the production of ethanolic biodiesel from non-edible and third-generation feedstocks in the HCR and MSR. � 2023 by the authors.en_US
dc.description.natureFinalen_US
dc.identifier.ArtNo16287
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/su152316287
dc.identifier.issue23
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85181888513
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85181888513&doi=10.3390%2fsu152316287&partnerID=40&md5=27bb9cd1f689dc38a395088db4ba436c
dc.identifier.urihttps://irepository.uniten.edu.my/handle/123456789/33918
dc.identifier.volume15
dc.publisherMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)en_US
dc.relation.ispartofAll Open Access
dc.relation.ispartofGold Open Access
dc.sourceScopus
dc.sourcetitleSustainability (Switzerland)
dc.subjectAspen HYSYS
dc.subjectbiodiesel
dc.subjectethyl ester
dc.subjectexergy
dc.subjecthydrodynamic cavitation
dc.subjectmechanical stirring
dc.subjectreactor technology
dc.subjectsustainability
dc.subjecttechno-economics
dc.subjecttransesterification
dc.subjectbiofuel
dc.subjectcavitation
dc.subjectchemical reaction
dc.subjectester
dc.subjecthydrodynamics
dc.subjectinstrumentation
dc.subjectpurification
dc.subjectsustainability
dc.titleComparison of the Techno-Economic and Environmental Assessment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation and Mechanical Stirring Reactors for the Production of Sustainable Hevea brasiliensis Ethyl Esteren_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dspace.entity.typePublication
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