Publication: Extraction and characterization of cellulose from oil palm empty fruit bunch for absortion test
Date
2020-09
Authors
Pravin A/l Mariappan
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Abstract
Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) is among the major agricultural waste from oil palm industry. Cellulosic fiber entails of hemicellulose, ash, lignin, and impurities element. The purpose of this research is to extract cellulose from the oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber and study the water absorption rate of the cellulose. Extraction process were conducted using chemical agent with lower concentration of 15 % sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and 10% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) studied the surface morphology of the raw empty fruit bunch fiber, after alkaline treatment and the extracted cellulose. Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) were used to analyse the element contains in the samples while X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) were used to analyse the crystalline index and phase identification of the samples. Water absorption rate of the extracted cellulose were investigated according to UNE-EN ISO 62:2008. The extracted cellulose was found to have a smaller diameter (8-50 μm) according to the experimental analysis. Alkaline treatment assisted in the removal of hemicellulose while bleaching aided in the removal of lignin and discolouration. The extracted cellulose showed high crystalline index of 30.67 %. The maximum water absorption rate of the extracted cellulose was recorded at 269.50%. Hence, this research provides an efficient method for extracting cellulose from oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber and highest yield of water absorption from the extracted cellulose.
Description
Interim sem 2020 / 2021
Keywords
Cellulose , Empty fruit bunch , Water absorption