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Adsorption of Methylene Blue by Bentonite Supported Nano Zero Valent Iron (B-nZVI)

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dc.citedby1
dc.contributor.authorZarime N.?.en_US
dc.contributor.authorSolemon B.en_US
dc.contributor.authorWan Yaacob W.Z.en_US
dc.contributor.authorJamil H.en_US
dc.contributor.authorChe Omar R.en_US
dc.contributor.authorRafek A.G.en_US
dc.contributor.authorRoslan R.en_US
dc.contributor.authorid56593247000en_US
dc.contributor.authorid24832320000en_US
dc.contributor.authorid59158386400en_US
dc.contributor.authorid23975896800en_US
dc.contributor.authorid57903899400en_US
dc.contributor.authorid21743487800en_US
dc.contributor.authorid57159693200en_US
dc.date.accessioned2024-10-14T03:18:53Z
dc.date.available2024-10-14T03:18:53Z
dc.date.issued2023
dc.description.abstractDyes used in textiles, foods, cosmetics, and chemicals have become a major environmental pollution issue around the world. To address this issue, a number of technologies have been created to remove these pollutants from the environment. Due to their superior properties at nanoscale, numerous nanomaterials have been applied to remove dyes from polluted waters. This research presents the findings of the development of bentonite nano zero-valent iron (B-nZVI) for the treatment of synthetic cationic dyes. This study has three objectives: (i) to produce bentonite nano zero-valence iron (B-nZVI), (ii) to characterize its adsorbents (B-nZVI), (iii) to characterize its adsorption capacity. Four main tests were used for this purpose: (i) a physical test (Brunauer�Emmett�Teller (BET) surface area), (ii) a chemical test (cation exchange capacity (CEC) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF)), (iii) morphology (field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and (iv) mineralogy (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The five factors for the batch equilibrium test are adsorbent dose, concentration, kinetic, pH, and temperature. The batch test showed that the optimum dose for all adsorbents is 0.5 g. For the concentration factor, B-nZVI exhibits larger adsorption capacity (KL = 30,314.0536 L/gen_US
dc.description.abstractR2 = 1) compared to bentonite (Kd = 0.0219 L/gen_US
dc.description.abstractR2 = 0.8892). The kinetic factor showed that the adsorption capacity by pseudo-second-order model was the best for both adsorbents (qe = 1.2038 mg/g, R2 = 0.9993 for bentonite and qe = 6.9979 mg/g, R2 = 1 for B-nZVI). For B-nZVI, the interparticle diffusion model (Kf = 0.8645 m2 g?1 min L?1en_US
dc.description.abstractR2 = 0.9) and intraparticle diffusion model (Kd = 2.3829 m2 g?1 min L?1en_US
dc.description.abstractR2 = 0.9189) showed a good correlation with the adsorption data, while bentonite showed a lower correlation with the interparticle diffusion model (Kf = 0.0002 m2 g?1 min L?1en_US
dc.description.abstractR2 = 0.6253) and intraparticle diffusion model (Kd = 0.2886 m2 g?1 min L?1en_US
dc.description.abstractR2 = 0.6026), respectively. The pH factor showed that the adsorption capacity of bentonite (qe = 0.5674 mg/g) and B-nZVI (qe = 5.3284 mg/g) was highest in acidic conditions (pH 2). As for the temperature factor, there was no significant effect on bentonite and B-nZVI. Therefore, tests can be conducted at room temperature, saving energy. It was also concluded that B-nZVI is the best material for removing MB compared to bentonite and can be considered for the treatment materials of contaminated water. � 2023 by the authors.en_US
dc.description.natureFinalen_US
dc.identifier.ArtNo788
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/pr11030788
dc.identifier.issue3
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85152271158
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85152271158&doi=10.3390%2fpr11030788&partnerID=40&md5=1c6a175b4a3710e035a8667a6d2075b6
dc.identifier.urihttps://irepository.uniten.edu.my/handle/123456789/34295
dc.identifier.volume11
dc.publisherMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)en_US
dc.relation.ispartofAll Open Access
dc.relation.ispartofGold Open Access
dc.sourceScopus
dc.sourcetitleProcesses
dc.subjectadsorption
dc.subjectbentonite
dc.subjectcationic dye
dc.subjectcomposite nano zero-valent iron
dc.subjectenergy
dc.subjectmethylene blue
dc.subjectAromatic compounds
dc.subjectBentonite
dc.subjectDiffusion
dc.subjectDyes
dc.subjectField emission microscopes
dc.subjectFourier transform infrared spectroscopy
dc.subjectIron
dc.subjectMorphology
dc.subjectScanning electron microscopy
dc.subjectWater pollution
dc.subjectAdsorption capacities
dc.subjectCationic dyes
dc.subjectComposite nano zero-valent iron
dc.subjectDiffusion model
dc.subjectEnergy
dc.subjectEnvironmental pollutions
dc.subjectInterparticle diffusion
dc.subjectIntraparticle diffusion models
dc.subjectMethylene Blue
dc.subjectNano zero-valent irons
dc.subjectAdsorption
dc.titleAdsorption of Methylene Blue by Bentonite Supported Nano Zero Valent Iron (B-nZVI)en_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dspace.entity.typePublication
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