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Synthesis of Ceiba pentandra biodiesel using ultrasound and infrared radiation: Comparison and fuel characterisation.

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dc.citedby1
dc.contributor.authorMilano J.en_US
dc.contributor.authorTiong S.K.en_US
dc.contributor.authorSilitonga A.S.en_US
dc.contributor.authorChia S.R.en_US
dc.contributor.authorOng M.Y.en_US
dc.contributor.authorKusumo F.en_US
dc.contributor.authorSebayang A.H.en_US
dc.contributor.authorYusof T.en_US
dc.contributor.authorKalam M.A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorid57052617200en_US
dc.contributor.authorid15128307800en_US
dc.contributor.authorid39262559400en_US
dc.contributor.authorid57194081866en_US
dc.contributor.authorid57191970824en_US
dc.contributor.authorid56611974900en_US
dc.contributor.authorid39262519300en_US
dc.contributor.authorid59230353000en_US
dc.contributor.authorid58810084600en_US
dc.date.accessioned2025-03-03T07:46:54Z
dc.date.available2025-03-03T07:46:54Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.description.abstractThe continuous expending of the economy and population in modern society has caused an increase in energy usage. Currently, fossil fuels and renewable energy are used to generate energy, contributing to greenhouse gas emissions. A significant effort has been made globally to address the issue of rising emissions by boosting the usage of renewable energy. In comparison to fossil fuels, biodiesel has many benefits, including the ability to be produced from a wide range of feedstocks, the ability to be renewable, and the reduction of atmospheric pollution emissions. Besides, advanced technologies can help the biodiesel sector meet the energy demand while producing high-quality biodiesel. The Ceiba pentandra was used for biodiesel production using ultrasound-infrared applications in the present research work. The study aims to produce biodiesel for a better conversion rate and improve fuel properties. Comparisons were conducted using a combination of infrared ultrasound versus ultrasound irradiation. The results show that ultrasound produced the highest yield of 98.76% when the conditions were as follows: methanol/oil ratio: 60%, KOH: 1%, reaction time: 50 minutes. Yet, the addition of infrared on ultrasound has also produced a high conversion yield in a shorter time than ultrasound. A 98.42% biodiesel yield option when using infrared-ultrasound irradiation with conditions as follows: methanol/oil ratio: 60%, KOH: 1%, reaction time: 30 minutes. As both applications were examined, the ultrasound-infrared application was preferable in saving time and energy constraints for biodiesel production. The fuel properties were found to be equivalent to ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 biodiesel standards. ? Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.en_US
dc.description.natureFinalen_US
dc.identifier.ArtNo12046
dc.identifier.doi10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012046
dc.identifier.issue1
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85199368023
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85199368023&doi=10.1088%2f1755-1315%2f1372%2f1%2f012046&partnerID=40&md5=b195fa90b03e05d6e7042f935b19c5cb
dc.identifier.urihttps://irepository.uniten.edu.my/handle/123456789/37044
dc.identifier.volume1372
dc.publisherInstitute of Physicsen_US
dc.relation.ispartofAll Open Access; Gold Open Access
dc.sourceScopus
dc.sourcetitleIOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
dc.subjectBiodiesel
dc.subjectFossil fuels
dc.subjectGas emissions
dc.subjectGreenhouse gases
dc.subjectInfrared radiation
dc.subjectIrradiation
dc.subjectMethanol
dc.subjectPotassium hydroxide
dc.subjectUltrasonics
dc.subjectBiodiesel production
dc.subjectCondition
dc.subjectEnergy
dc.subjectESG
dc.subjectFuel properties
dc.subjectInfrared applications
dc.subjectNon-edible oil
dc.subjectRenewable energies
dc.subjectSustainable feedstock
dc.subjectUltrasonics irradiations
dc.subjectFeedstocks
dc.titleSynthesis of Ceiba pentandra biodiesel using ultrasound and infrared radiation: Comparison and fuel characterisation.en_US
dc.typeConference paperen_US
dspace.entity.typePublication
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