Publication: Performance of Combustion and Emissions Characteristics of Ethanol Dual Injection Spark Ignition Engine
Date
2021
Authors
Al-Muhsen N.F.O.
Hong G.
Ismail F.B.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universiti Malaysia Pahang
Abstract
Ethanol dual injection (DualEI) is a new technology to maximise the benefits of ethanol fuel to the spark-ignition engine. In this study, the combustion and emissions characteristics in a DualEI spark-ignition engine with a variation of the direct injection (DI) ratio and engine speed were experimentally investigated. The volume ratio of DI was varied from 0% (DI0%) to 100% (DI100%), and two engine speeds of 3500 and 4000 RPM were tested. The spark timing for maximum brake torque (MBT) was first determined, and then the results of the effect of DI ratio on the engine performance at the MBT conditions were discussed and analysed. The results showed that the MBT timing for the DI and spark timings were 330 and 30 CAD bTDC, respectively. At the MBT timing, the indicated mean effective pressure slightly increased from 0.47 to 0.50 MPa when the DI ratio increased from DI0% to DI100%. However, the maximum combustion pressure significantly decreased by 8.32%, and volumetric efficiency increased by 4.04%. This was attributed to the reduced combustion temperature due to the cooling effect of ethanol fuel enhanced by the DI strategy. The indicated specific carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons significantly increased due to poor mixture quality caused by fuel impingement associated with the overcooling effect. However, the indicated specific nitric oxides significantly decreased due to the temperature reduction inside the combustion chamber. Results showed the potential of DualEI to increase the compression ratio and consequently increase the engine thermal efficiency without the risk of engine knock � The Authors 2021. Published by Penerbit UMP. This is an open access article under the CC BY license.
Description
Carbon monoxide; Diesel engines; Direct injection; Efficiency; Ethanol fuels; Ignition; Nitric oxide; Speed; Combustion characteristics; Dual injections; Emission; Ethanol combustion; Ethanol dual combustion; Ignition engine; Injection ratio; Maximum brake torques; Spark-ignition engine; Spart ignition engine; Ethanol