Publication: Fluid hammer effects and reduction in oil and gas pipelines
Date
2017
Authors
Mohammad Danial Mohammad Suhaimi
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Abstract
Fluid hammer effects due to closure of valves are often considered negligible in petroleum production operations despite the potential problems it can create on pipeline systems. If mismanaged, they can result in circumstances that are substantial or perhaps, even irreparable. This paper presents a study on the creation and propagation of fluid hammer due to closure of valves. Fluid hammer or pressure surge is a pressure transient phenomenon, which has long been established to occur due to a sudden change in fluid flow velocity. In pipelines, rapid closure of valves creates a fluid hammer. This indicates that it is crucial to understand the physics of fluid hammer, including pressure and velocity distribution in a pipeline system. One can usually recognize fluid hammer by the sound of banging or thumping in pipelines. Although the bulk fluid inside pipes might appear to flow smoothly, it actually churns and tumbles as it travels. Normally, fluid would move through pipe steadily and evenly, without causing any abrupt sound. The best way to find out what fluid hammer sounds like is to turn the bathtub water on full blast, then go to other rooms of the house and listen. The noise that appears as one opens a valve is mostly due to air in the pipes. However, the noise that occurs when a valve is closed or when the washer changes cycles is probably caused by fluid hammer. If sound is heard when a pump starts, it could be either fluid hammer, air in the pipes, or both. Several types of prevention are discussed in this research paper.
Description
TC174.M63 2017
Keywords
Water hammer , Gas pipelines