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Biodiesel conversion from high FFA crude jatropha curcas, calophyllum inophyllum and ceiba pentandra oil

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dc.citedby62
dc.contributor.authorSilitonga A.S.en_US
dc.contributor.authorOng H.C.en_US
dc.contributor.authorMahlia T.M.I.en_US
dc.contributor.authorMasjuki H.H.en_US
dc.contributor.authorChong W.T.en_US
dc.contributor.authorid39262559400en_US
dc.contributor.authorid55310784800en_US
dc.contributor.authorid56997615100en_US
dc.contributor.authorid57175108000en_US
dc.contributor.authorid36448921500en_US
dc.date.accessioned2023-05-16T02:46:35Z
dc.date.available2023-05-16T02:46:35Z
dc.date.issued2014
dc.description.abstractBiodiesel is a renewable energy that has great potential as an alternative fuel to fossil diesel in diesel engine. The potential non-edible feedstock for biodiesel is now being taken into careful consideration for the purpose of continuing biodiesel production while not negatively affecting the food issue. The crude jatropha curcas, calophyllum inophyllum and ceiba pentandra oil have free fatty acid value which is above 2%. Therefore, a pretreatment acid catalyzed esterification process is required to reduce the free fatty acid content. It was found that jatropha curcas, calophyllum inophyllum and ceiba pentandra oil at 9:1 M ratio (methanol to oil) with preheat at 60oC and reaction at temperature 55oC for 60 minutes in the presence of 1% KOH in order to get lower acid values (0.39 mg KOH/g, 0.45 mg KOH/g and 0.40 mg KOH/g) and obtained high methyl ester yield (98.23%, 98.53% and 97.72%). This study had shown that improvement in biodiesel properties by using two stage esterification-T ransesterification methods. The major fuel characteristics such as kinematic viscosity, density, flash point and calorific value of biodiesel fulfilled American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) biodiesel standards. © 2014 The Authors.en_US
dc.description.natureFinalen_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.egypro.2014.11.1153
dc.identifier.epage483
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-84922339834
dc.identifier.spage480
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84922339834&doi=10.1016%2fj.egypro.2014.11.1153&partnerID=40&md5=5f7e6ed90a4969c24d24173c5d22e0f7
dc.identifier.urihttps://irepository.uniten.edu.my/handle/123456789/22003
dc.identifier.volume61
dc.publisherElsevier Ltden_US
dc.relation.ispartofAll Open Access, Gold
dc.sourceScopus
dc.sourcetitleEnergy Procedia
dc.titleBiodiesel conversion from high FFA crude jatropha curcas, calophyllum inophyllum and ceiba pentandra oilen_US
dc.typeConference Paperen_US
dspace.entity.typePublication
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