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Impacts of lightning-induced overvoltage on a hybrid solar PV�battery energy storage system

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dc.citedby4
dc.contributor.authorAhmad N.I.en_US
dc.contributor.authorAli Z.en_US
dc.contributor.authorKadir M.Z.A.A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorOsman M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorZaini N.H.en_US
dc.contributor.authorRoslan M.H.en_US
dc.contributor.authorid56405049800en_US
dc.contributor.authorid25824589000en_US
dc.contributor.authorid25947297000en_US
dc.contributor.authorid7201930315en_US
dc.contributor.authorid55865700900en_US
dc.contributor.authorid56405424900en_US
dc.date.accessioned2023-05-29T09:08:28Z
dc.date.available2023-05-29T09:08:28Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.description.abstractWith increased electrical energy demands projected in the future, the development of a hybrid solar photovoltaic (PV)�battery energy storage system is considered a good option. However, since such systems are normally installed outdoors and in open areas, they are vulnerable to lightning strikes and may suffer from malfunctions or significant damage to sensitive components, which may result in a major breakdown and loss of revenue due to equipment replacement costs and inefficient operation. Thus, the objective of this paper is to investigate the effect of lightning-induced overvoltage on a hybrid solar PV�battery energy storage system, considering indirect lightning strikes nearby the system. The presented hybrid solar PV�battery energy storage system and lightning-induced overvoltage are modeled in Electro-Magnetic Transient Program-Restructured Version (EMTP-RV) software. The lightning-induced overvoltage is simulated based on a lightning waveshape of 10/350 �s using the Heidler expression, whilst the Rusck model is used to simulate the lightning-induced overvoltage. Different lightning current amplitudes (3, 19, and 169 kA), lightning strike locations (20, 50, and 100 m), and cable lengths (5, 10, and 20 m) are used to investigate the induced effects on the system and on the impulse withstand voltage of 6kV, as stated in MS IEC 60664-1 for solar PV�battery systems and inverters at the DC side. The results indicate that as the lightning strike distance increases from 20 to 100 m, the percentage of strikes exceeding the impulse withstand voltage reduces from 67% to 54% at 19 kA. At 169 kA, the impulse withstand voltage is exceeded by more than 100%, regardless of the strike distance (from 20 to 100 m). Furthermore, differences in cable length do not have much impact on the lightning-induced overvoltage due to the small voltage drop across the short cable length. This study provides useful information for PV systems owners and will be useful in assigning appropriate lightning protection schemes for PV farms. � 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.en_US
dc.description.natureFinalen_US
dc.identifier.ArtNo3633
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/app11083633
dc.identifier.issue8
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85104983844
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85104983844&doi=10.3390%2fapp11083633&partnerID=40&md5=76cf36055d3daf54a0d3018cf0fa27be
dc.identifier.urihttps://irepository.uniten.edu.my/handle/123456789/26267
dc.identifier.volume11
dc.publisherMDPI AGen_US
dc.relation.ispartofAll Open Access, Gold
dc.sourceScopus
dc.sourcetitleApplied Sciences (Switzerland)
dc.titleImpacts of lightning-induced overvoltage on a hybrid solar PV�battery energy storage systemen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dspace.entity.typePublication
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