Publication: Piezoelectric sensor array for detecting gas pipeline crack
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Date
2020-08
Authors
Kharudin Ali
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Abstract
Non-destructive testing (NDT) deals with the inspection of an object
for determining its properties without destroying its usefulness. The
applications include the detection of cracking in steam generator
tubing, nuclear power plants, aircraft and etc. In the oil and gas
industry, the traditional pipeline maintenance occurs at defined service
intervals, so the structural damages like corrosion and crack occurring
in between service intervals are not monitored even though it may be
detrimental to the instant health of the pipe’s structure. Other than the
pipeline industry, a single method for detecting or monitoring damage
in a pipeline does not exist, currently. Instead, industries typically
implement a combination of several different techniques that would
normally require the pipeline system to be temporarily taken out of
operation. Lastly, most of the temporary techniques used are effective
in good weather condition and it does not have the probe covering
when raining occurs on the site. Considering the limitations of the
conventional ultrasonic transducers, guided Lamb Wave offers new
opportunities for cases of effective detection of damage in structures.
As a method for NDT, the Piezoelectric with Lamb Wave method
testing system (PZ-LW) is also used for crack detection in the pipe or
plate due to several factors resulting from positioning, depth and shape
of crack including the small angle of pipe joining. In this thesis, the
development of (PZ-LW) system and combination of optimization and
error compensation of piezoelectric sensor array for detection of cracks
on the pipeline is used in measuring the defect positioning and width
of defect based on-time response and signal feedback amplitude for
actual defect measurement. The main idea can be divided into three
parts. Firstly, optimize piezoelectric sensor array by using the Design
of Expert (DOE) software for Response Surface Methodology (RSM).
Secondly, use SimNDT software to simulate the proposed
piezoelectric sensor array. The probe design (2D and 3D) model is
integrated with the system design and at the same time, the comparison
between simulation and PZ-LW technique is executable. Thirdly, to
complement this system, the Mamdani Fuzzy Logic is used as an
intelligent technique in PZ-LW for high accuracy results. In system
development, the graphical interfacing (GUI) is used for graph display
on the computer by using MATLAB software and from here, the value
of the width of the defect will be identified based on the graph display.
Besides, the comparison between the simulation and the actual devices
is used for the validation of measurement in this system. The PZ-LW
v
system design has higher sensitivity and less noise as compared to the
conventional technique. The analysis of the experimental results
suggests the PZ-LW system to be more accurate in contrast to the
previous researcher’s findings by 98.55% of accuracy for the position
of defect location. Based on the hole defect, the accuracy achieved to
96.05%. Lastly, the axial defect measurement will exceed 98% of
accuracy to identify the shape of the defect. This shows that the merger
of the probe and intelligence system which are built will affect the
accuracy of the results and it is very useful for the classification of
defects apart from the accuracy of the reading displayed. In addition,
the comparison of experimental and simulation results in SIMNDT has
successfully proven the consistency and accuracy of the proposed PZLW
system for carbon steel pipe inspection.
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Keywords
PIEZOELECTRIC SENSOR ARRAY FOR DETECTING GAS PIPELINE CRACK