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Production process and optimization of solid bioethanol from empty fruit bunches of palm oil using response surface methodology

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dc.citedby16
dc.contributor.authorNurfahmien_US
dc.contributor.authorMofijur M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorOng H.C.en_US
dc.contributor.authorJan B.M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorKusumo F.en_US
dc.contributor.authorSebayang A.H.en_US
dc.contributor.authorHusin H.en_US
dc.contributor.authorSilitonga A.S.en_US
dc.contributor.authorMahlia T.M.I.en_US
dc.contributor.authorRahman S.M.A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorid57191361708en_US
dc.contributor.authorid57204492012en_US
dc.contributor.authorid55310784800en_US
dc.contributor.authorid23004853200en_US
dc.contributor.authorid56611974900en_US
dc.contributor.authorid39262519300en_US
dc.contributor.authorid26428224700en_US
dc.contributor.authorid39262559400en_US
dc.contributor.authorid56997615100en_US
dc.contributor.authorid57201359295en_US
dc.date.accessioned2023-05-29T07:28:54Z
dc.date.available2023-05-29T07:28:54Z
dc.date.issued2019
dc.description.abstractThis study aimed to observe the potential of solid bioethanol as an alternative fuel with high caloric value. The solid bioethanol was produced from liquid bioethanol, which was obtained from the synthesis of oil palm empty fruit bunches (PEFBs) through the delignification process by using organosolv pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. Enzymatic hydrolysis was conducted using enzyme (60 FPUg-1 of cellulose) at a variety of temperatures (35 �C, 70 �C, and 90 �C) and reaction times (2, 6, 12, 18, and 24 h) in order to obtain a high sugar yield. The highest sugars were yielded at the temperature of 90 �C for 48 h (152.51 mg/L). Furthermore, fermentation was conducted using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The bioethanol yield after fermentation was 62.29 mg/L. Bioethanol was extracted by distillation process to obtain solid bioethanol. The solid bioethanol was produced by using stearic acid as the additive. In order to get high-quality solid bioethanol, the calorific value was optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM) model. This model provided the factor variables of bioethanol concentration (vol %), stearic acid (g), and bioethanol (mL) with a minus result error. The highest calorific value was obtained with 7 g stearic acid and 5 mL bioethanol (43.17 MJ/kg). Burning time was tested to observe the quality of the solid bioethanol. The highest calorific value resulted in the longest burning time. The solid bioethanol has a potential as solid fuel due to the significantly higher calorific value compared to the liquid bioethanol. � 2019 by the authors.en_US
dc.description.natureFinalen_US
dc.identifier.ArtNo715
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/pr7100715
dc.identifier.issue10
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85074222797
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85074222797&doi=10.3390%2fpr7100715&partnerID=40&md5=ccd6767193b9d5e87a7727c9dee0401a
dc.identifier.urihttps://irepository.uniten.edu.my/handle/123456789/24923
dc.identifier.volume7
dc.publisherMDPI AGen_US
dc.relation.ispartofAll Open Access, Gold, Green
dc.sourceScopus
dc.sourcetitleProcesses
dc.titleProduction process and optimization of solid bioethanol from empty fruit bunches of palm oil using response surface methodologyen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dspace.entity.typePublication
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