Publication:
Electromagnetic spectrum survey of the environment in a locality in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

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dc.citedby3
dc.contributor.authorAbood W.A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorDin N.M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorIsmail A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorMohamad H.en_US
dc.contributor.authorid55812878100en_US
dc.contributor.authorid9335429400en_US
dc.contributor.authorid36023817800en_US
dc.contributor.authorid16022567400en_US
dc.date.accessioned2023-12-29T07:45:43Z
dc.date.available2023-12-29T07:45:43Z
dc.date.issued2013
dc.description.abstractThe electromagnetic spectrum in the environment is becoming a scarce resource with the emergence of a high number of wireless communications services Cognitive radio (CR) is viewed as a possible solution to the spectrum bottleneck which work in a premise that at an any given time and spatial region there are frequency bands that has no signal occupancy. The CR technique utilizes a temporarily unoccupied licensed band by allowing secondary users to exploit opportunistically the underutilized spectrum licensed to primary users without any harmful interference. Before investigating the technical and political implications of CR, it is necessary to know to what extent the licensed bands are temporally unoccupied. In this paper a spectrum occupancy measurements is conducted to study the utilization of RF spectrum in an environment. The measurements are performed on UHF TV, GSM900 and GSM1800 frequency bands in an urban area in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The evaluation made is based on the power detection principle. From the measurements, the spectrum holes are identified. The obtained results show that the spectral usage is 7.37% for UHF TV band, 12.8% for GSM900 and 5.3% for GSM1800 band leading to the conclusion that a significant amount of spectrum is available for deployment of cognitive radio. � Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.en_US
dc.description.natureFinalen_US
dc.identifier.ArtNo12103
dc.identifier.doi10.1088/1755-1315/16/1/012103
dc.identifier.issue1
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-84881099984
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84881099984&doi=10.1088%2f1755-1315%2f16%2f1%2f012103&partnerID=40&md5=d05364a48190915b3c7c42fb9cfb415f
dc.identifier.urihttps://irepository.uniten.edu.my/handle/123456789/30229
dc.identifier.volume16
dc.publisherInstitute of Physics Publishingen_US
dc.relation.ispartofAll Open Access; Gold Open Access
dc.sourceScopus
dc.sourcetitleIOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
dc.subjectKuala Lumpur [West Malaysia]
dc.subjectMalaysia
dc.subjectWest Malaysia
dc.subjectCognitive radio
dc.subjectFrequency bands
dc.subjectWireless telecommunication systems
dc.subjectElectromagnetic spectra
dc.subjectHarmful interferences
dc.subjectPolitical implications
dc.subjectScarce resources
dc.subjectSecondary users
dc.subjectSpatial regions
dc.subjectSpectrum occupancies
dc.subjectWireless communications
dc.subjectelectromagnetic field
dc.subjectenvironmental monitoring
dc.subjectradio wave
dc.subjectsignal
dc.subjectspatial analysis
dc.subjecttelecommunication
dc.subjecturban area
dc.subjectwave spectrum
dc.subjectElectromagnetism
dc.titleElectromagnetic spectrum survey of the environment in a locality in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysiaen_US
dc.typeConference paperen_US
dspace.entity.typePublication
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