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Effect of surfactants on the lightning breakdown voltage of palm oil and coconut oil based Al2O3nanofluids

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dc.citedby8
dc.contributor.authorMohamad N.A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorAzis N.en_US
dc.contributor.authorJasni J.en_US
dc.contributor.authorAb. Kadir M.Z.A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorYunus R.en_US
dc.contributor.authorYaakub Z.en_US
dc.contributor.authorid57192066472en_US
dc.contributor.authorid56120698200en_US
dc.contributor.authorid25632671500en_US
dc.contributor.authorid25947297000en_US
dc.contributor.authorid6603243672en_US
dc.contributor.authorid56602940600en_US
dc.date.accessioned2023-05-29T08:07:15Z
dc.date.available2023-05-29T08:07:15Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.descriptionAlumina; Aluminum oxide; Cationic surfactants; Electric breakdown; Lightning; Nanofluidics; Nanoparticles; Petroleum refining; Sodium dodecyl sulfate; Sulfur compounds; Breakdown patterns; Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide; Negative lightning; Negative polarity; Positive polarity; Sphere electrodes; Volume concentration; Volume percentage; Palm oilen_US
dc.description.abstractIn this paper, the effect of different types of surfactants on the lightning breakdown voltages of palm oil (PO) and coconut oil (CO) based aluminium oxide (Al2O3) nanofluids is investigated. Three different types of surfactants were used in this study known as cationic (cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB)), anionic (sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)) and non-ionic (oleic acid (OA)). The volume percentage concentrations of Al2O3 dispersed into PO and CO were varied from 0.001% to 0.05%. The ratio of surfactant to the nanoparticles was set to 50% from the volume concentration of nanoparticles which equivalent to 1:2. In total, two types of refined, bleached and deodorized palm oil (RBDPO) and one type of CO were examined for lightning breakdown voltage. The test was carried out based on needle-sphere electrodes configuration with 25 mm gap distance. The presence of Al2O3 improves both positive and negative lightning breakdown voltages of RBDPO and CO. Under the positive and negative polarities, the CTAB does provide further improvements on the lightning breakdown voltages of RBDPOA (1st type of samples) and CO at most of the volume of concentration of Al2O3. SDS and OA could also further improve the lightning breakdown voltage of CO at certain volume concentration of Al2O3. On the other hand, the lightning breakdown voltage of RBDPOB based Al2O3 nanofluid (2nd type of samples) does not further improve with the introduction of surfactants. At most of the volume concentration of Al2O3, the introduction of CTAB further increases the times to breakdown and decrease the average streamer velocities of RBDPOA under both polarities. The same finding is observed for CO under positive polarity with CTAB and SDS as well as under negative polarity in the presence of all surfactants. The streamer velocities and times to breakdown patterns of RBDPOB based Al2O3 nanofluid are inconsistent in the presence of all surfactants. It is found that RBDPO and CO based Al2O3 nanofluids have second mode of streamer whereby the streamer velocities are from 1 km s-1 to 1.63 km s-1 regardless with or without surfactants. � 2020 Published by IOP Publishing Ltd.en_US
dc.description.natureFinalen_US
dc.identifier.ArtNo425708
dc.identifier.doi10.1088/1361-6528/aba1b9
dc.identifier.issue42
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85089587310
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85089587310&doi=10.1088%2f1361-6528%2faba1b9&partnerID=40&md5=4ef23eceafee506feebd10e333826caf
dc.identifier.urihttps://irepository.uniten.edu.my/handle/123456789/25192
dc.identifier.volume31
dc.publisherInstitute of Physics Publishingen_US
dc.relation.ispartofAll Open Access, Hybrid Gold, Green
dc.sourceScopus
dc.sourcetitleNanotechnology
dc.titleEffect of surfactants on the lightning breakdown voltage of palm oil and coconut oil based Al2O3nanofluidsen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dspace.entity.typePublication
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