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Synthesis and characterization of different transition metal-alginate based heterogeneous catalyst for esterification reaction

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dc.contributor.authorPua F.-L.en_US
dc.contributor.authorLooi K.-T.en_US
dc.contributor.authorShamala Gowri K.en_US
dc.contributor.authorSharifah N.en_US
dc.contributor.authorid36024192100en_US
dc.contributor.authorid57191342247en_US
dc.contributor.authorid57191343857en_US
dc.contributor.authorid25722192000en_US
dc.date.accessioned2023-05-29T06:13:34Z
dc.date.available2023-05-29T06:13:34Z
dc.date.issued2016
dc.descriptionAlginate; Biodiesel; Esterification; Esters; Iron compounds; Nanotechnology; Oleic acid; Transition metals; Biodiesel production; Esterification of oleic acids; Esterification reactions; Heterogeneous catalyst; High free fatty acids; Homogeneous catalyst; Reaction temperature; Synthesis and characterizations; Catalystsen_US
dc.description.abstractIn recent years, attention has been drawn to produce heterogeneous catalyst to replace homogeneous catalyst in biodiesel industry. This study was focused on the synthesis of three different types of alginate based heterogeneous catalyst (Ferric-alginate, Copper-alginate, and Nickel alginate) and the effect of the catalyst on esterification of oleic acid. Morphology and elemental analysis was conducted to investigate the properties of the catalyst. The new heterogeneous catalysts were used to catalyze the esterification of oleic acid at reaction temperature of 60�C and 2 hours reaction time. Fe-alginate has achieved the highest free fatty acids (FFAs) conversation rate of 82.03%. The results and findings proved that transition metal-alginate heterogeneous catalyst has the potential and ability to esterify the free fatty acids prior biodiesel production from high free fatty acids feedstock. � 2016 Trans Tech Publications.en_US
dc.description.natureFinalen_US
dc.identifier.doi10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.709.57
dc.identifier.epage60
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-84988970177
dc.identifier.spage57
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84988970177&doi=10.4028%2fwww.scientific.net%2fKEM.709.57&partnerID=40&md5=7df181f3b3e25d2bb97faf7996e5a20e
dc.identifier.urihttps://irepository.uniten.edu.my/handle/123456789/22942
dc.identifier.volume709
dc.publisherTrans Tech Publications Ltden_US
dc.sourceScopus
dc.sourcetitleKey Engineering Materials
dc.titleSynthesis and characterization of different transition metal-alginate based heterogeneous catalyst for esterification reactionen_US
dc.typeConference Paperen_US
dspace.entity.typePublication
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