DSpace Cris Angular :: Browsing by Subject "'current"

Browsing by Subject "'current"

Now showing 1 - 19 of 19

Advancement in thermophotovoltaic technology and nanoparticle incorporation for power generation
(Elsevier Ltd, 2023)
Khairul Azri A.A.
;
Mohd Jasni M.S.
;
Wan Muhamad Hatta S.F.
;
Islam M.A.
;
Abdul Wahab Y.
;
Mekhilef S.
;
Ker P.J.
;
58294307100
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57368165200
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35184383500
;
58806853000
;
57203353903
;
57928298500
;
37461740800
Thermophotovoltaic (TPV) technology harvests electricity from a source of thermal radiation and at current, TPV cells can achieve conversion efficiency of more than 40%. The construct of the TPV system is relatively complex than the conventional solar cell in which the TPV has two critical components, specifically the absorber-emitter and filters, to help in enhancing the transfer of photons to the TPV cell for conversion. Despite its importance, works on the optimization of these components for an ideal TPV system are still lacking. This review examines previous studies on the TPV structure, and details extensive techniques to improve current designs of the TPV systems - notably through the use of textured absorbers, selective emitters and different types of filters. Inevitably, the selection of materials and designs of the absorber-emitter are essential in enhancing the TPV performance. Herein, challenges and enhancements in the form of optical performance, thermal stability, and electrical performance are comprehensively discussed. This review identifies the crucial role of nanoparticles incorporated into the absorber-emitter layer of a TPV system. This review also critically highlights technology advancements incorporated into the TPV technology which will effectively boost performance and improve the fabrication and operational costs of this sustainable technology. � 2023 International Solar Energy Society
8
Advances in fibre Bragg grating technology for magnetic field sensing: A review
(Elsevier B.V., 2023)
Rostami A.
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Wahaab F.A.
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Soleimani H.
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Sikiru S.
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Khosravi V.
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Yusuff A.O.
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Hamza M.F.
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57192384461
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57210743667
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55556142100
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57211063469
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57202034458
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57219201379
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58285000600
Magnetic field sensing is crucial for various scientific and technological applications, but current methods have limitations in cost, size, and weight. Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) magnetic field sensors have emerged as a promising alternative, offering compact size, and simplified fabrication. This review introduces FBG synthesis methods and extensively discusses the three primary magneto-optic mechanisms for magnetic field sensing: Faraday effect, magnetic fluid, and magnetostrictive materials. We evaluate their advantages and disadvantages, with Faraday effect relying on the Verdet constant and facing complexity in measurement elements. FBG magnetic sensing with magnetic fluid shows promising sensitivity and versatility but is challenged by optical loss-induced errors. Magnetostrictive materials provide robustness but exhibit limited linearity. Future research should focus on addressing these challenges to enhance the reliability of FBGs for magnetic sensing. The findings highlight the exceptional potential of FBGs in advancing magnetic field sensing applications. � 2023 Elsevier Ltd
11
Computational design and analysis of LiFePO4 battery thermal management system (BTMS) using thermoelectric cooling/thermoelectric generator (TEC�TEG) in electric vehicles (EVs)
(Elsevier Ltd, 2023)
Hameed M.M.
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Mansor M.B.
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Azau M.A.M.
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Alshara A.K.
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57896081200
;
6701749037
;
36068973900
;
56652224100
The best option for addressing the issue of rising carbon dioxide levels, which is the primary cause of global warming, currently involves using electric vehicles (EVs). The successful production of EVs can be attributed to batteries. However, one major issue lies in the rise in temperatures for the battery system of EVs. Therefore, a good battery thermal management system (BTMS) is necessary. Several traditional and non-traditional types of these systems are available. BTMSs for EVs have utilized thermoelectric cooling (TEC) and thermoelectric generator (TEG). The current research introduces a hybrid BTMS that combines thermoelectric materials with forced air. While the use of thermoelectric materials in BTMS is not a new concept, this approach offers a novel solution. In the current study, the thermoelectric cooler (TEC) and thermoelectric generator (TEG) are combined into a single unit. While TECs have long been used in BTMS, the new addition of TEGs allows for the conversion of lost heat from the TEC's hot surface into a reverse voltage that powers both the TEC and TEG. Additionally, the TEG helps to reduce the overall temperature of the battery container by converting heat into a potential difference, as previously mentioned. Simulation of the single battery cell and the full BTMS is realized using the ANSYS 2021R1 software. A single battery cell and BTMS utilize 6,197,879 and 12,697,173 numbers of mesh, respectively. The introduced BTMS was utilized in the current study to decrease the maximum surface temperature of a single battery cell by approximately 7 �C. � 2023 Elsevier Ltd
12
Control technologies of wastewater treatment plants: The state-of-the-art, current challenges, and future directions
(Elsevier Ltd, 2023)
Faisal M.
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Muttaqi K.M.
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Sutanto D.
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Al-Shetwi A.Q.
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Ker P.J.
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Hannan M.A.
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57215018777
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55582332500
;
7006225709
;
57004922700
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37461740800
;
7103014445
Existing pieces of literature on previous studies advocate the research focus by various researchers to reach the benchmark of energy efficiency of Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs). The driving factors to improve the energy efficiency and mitigate the energy self-sufficiency of WWTP have been identified as the increase in population growth, rising energy costs, and tightening effluent discharge requirements. WWTP economy is directly related to energy consumption and thus affects smart grid economy. There has been limited research on energy self-sufficiency and optimizing the energy demand and cost of WWTP, where the significant contributing factors are in development an optimal pumping system and advanced motor technologies. Moreover, high quality WWTP's effluent depends on the concentration level of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and total kjedhal nitrogen (TKN). Even so, WWTPs are always subject to evident nonlinearities and uncertainties, making it difficult to define proper optimization objectives. Besides, controllers and control systems have a strong influence on the performance of the plants. Therefore, existing research gaps to achieve optimal efficiency with minimized energy consumption and costs are the design of the WWTP plant, pumping system, motors, selection of suitable controllers and control systems, and their parameter optimizations to get the optimal output from the plant, switching techniques, challenges and uncertainties associated with plant are highlighted in this paper. Thus, as a novel contribution to the literature, this study aims to review and analyze the history, current issues, and future directions of WWTP control technologies in the context of sustainable development. The rigorous study by the authors in this paper will definitely lead the academic researchers and industry partners toward the development of optimal WWTP technologies with improved efficiency and minimized energy consumption and costs. � 2023 Elsevier Ltd
12
Effect of silica fume on the properties of sustainable cement concrete
(Elsevier Editora Ltda, 2023)
Hamada H.M.
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Abed F.
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Binti Katman H.Y.
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Humada A.M.
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Al Jawahery M.S.
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Majdi A.
;
Yousif S.T.
;
Thomas B.S.
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57004288800
;
6602685673
;
55812804800
;
56263166900
;
57204656145
;
57207308738
;
57205785073
;
55838284800
The disposal of hazardous waste materials in landfills and open areas creates a severe impact on the environment. Silica Fume (SF), a by-product from the ferrosilicon and silicon industry, is generated in high quantities. Recent studies have highlighted the advantages of reusing SF to produce high-strength concrete (HSC) and ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) instead of discarding it. This paper herein reviews the current research on SF in concrete and discusses the physical and chemical properties, mechanical properties, durability, and microstructure. Depending on the concentration of the SF, flexural, tensile, and compressive strength was positively influenced. Also, SF improved the pore size to increase drying shrinkage through the pozzolanic reaction. A few studies showed the disadvantages of SF exhibiting the negative impact on workability and shrinkage of concrete. The influence of SF on cement hydration products should be analyzed from the microstructure perspective. � 2023 The Author(s)
8
The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on Malaysian residential customers� energy-saving appliance purchasing behaviour
(Emerald Publishing, 2023)
Jaaffar A.H.
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Kasavan S.
;
Mustapa S.I.
;
Al-Amin A.Q.
;
58897806500
;
57200044815
;
36651549700
;
23481119100
Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a dramatic impact on energy supply and demand. It is vital to understand households� behaviour with regard to energy, particularly during the pandemic, to deploy future sustainable energy systems. This study aims to investigate the nexus of Malaysian households� energy consumption behaviour in relation to various electrical appliances, their energy-saving appliance purchasing behaviour and their current possession of energy-saving appliances during the pandemic, especially during the lockdown period, from the perspective of the energy cultures framework. Design/methodology/approach: The partial least squares structural equation modelling technique was used to test hypothesised relationships based on the 1,485 pieces of household data collected using an online and physical survey during the lockdown period in Malaysia. Findings: The energy-saving behaviour cultivated due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic led to residential customers� intentions to purchase energy-saving appliances which subsequently led to their current possession of energy-saving appliances. Indeed, energy-saving behaviours in the kitchen, entertainment, office, home lighting and cooling appliances have more than 77.4% influence on their purchasing behaviour. The consumer�s purchase behaviour for energy-saving appliances has a significant, partially mediating influence on the energy-saving behaviour of various electrical appliances and the consumers� current possession of energy-saving appliances. Research limitations/implications: This study could be enhanced by improving the sample using a higher-income group and involving other parts of Malaysia such as the southern region. The findings do extend the energy cultures framework by demonstrating the mediating role of households� energy-saving appliance purchasing behaviour on the relationship between their energy consumption behaviour in relation to various electrical appliances and their current possession of energy-saving appliances. Practical implications: The results of this study will help develop future action plans for transitioning to energy-saving appliance practices. Originality/value: This paper examines the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on future energy efficiency practices in developing countries from the perspective of the energy cultures framework. � 2023, Emerald Publishing Limited.
22
Estimating Crack Effects on Electrical Characteristics of PV Modules Based on Monitoring Data and I-V Curves
(IEEE Electron Devices Society, 2023)
Feng L.
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Zhang J.
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Kiong T.S.
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Ding K.
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Amin N.
;
Hamelmann F.U.
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57161726400
;
55994334400
;
57216824752
;
36642197700
;
7102424614
;
6603541611
This study presents an approach to investigate microcrack effects on the output characteristics of photovoltaic (PV) modules based on a theoretical model that is derived from the equivalent single-diode model through monitoring data and current-voltage (I-V) curves. Meanwhile, an innovative parameter optimization algorithm based on particle swarm optimization is developed to extract the parameters. The parametric effects of microcracks on the electrical performance of PV modules are further explored under different meteorological conditions. It was found that the microcracks are formed early without creating inactive areas in solar cells, and the microcrack effects on the output performance of the PV modules are small. The temperature of the normally operating solar cells in a cracked PV module is lower than that of solar cells in a normal PV module. The number of equivalent mismatched solar cells caused by microcracks in the cracked PV module varies continuously with irradiance and temperature. Except for the apparently unaffected I0, microcracks not only greatly reduce the Iph and Rsh but also have a more serious negative impact on the Rs and n of the PV module at high irradiance. Meanwhile, the n-normal, Rs-normal, and Rsh-normal of the normal solar cells and the Rsh-cracks of the cracked solar cells in the cracked PV module are exponentially related to the irradiance. Finally, the experimental validation is effectively implemented to prove the great effectiveness and suitability of the proposed method. The average voltage error of each reconstructed I-V curve based on the extracted parameters and the average errors in Pm, Vm, Im, and Voc of the cracked PV module for 532 I-V curves are 1.15 V, 0.67%, 0.85%, 0.49%, and 0.089%, respectively. � 2011-2012 IEEE.
7
Filament-wound glass-fibre reinforced polymer composites: Potential applications for cross arm structure in transmission towers
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023)
Asyraf M.R.M.
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Ishak M.R.
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Syamsir A.
;
Amir A.L.
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Nurazzi N.M.
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Norrrahim M.N.F.
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Asrofi M.
;
Rafidah M.
;
Ilyas R.A.
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Rashid M.Z.A.
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Razman M.R.
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57205295733
;
36809587400
;
57195320482
;
57223180303
;
55899483400
;
55924430000
;
57193698037
;
57216634842
;
57196328367
;
57221960339
;
35410239300
This manuscript reviews previous literature on filament-wound polymer composites and their potential applications as cross arm structures in latticed transmission towers. The current trends of cross arms implement pultruded glass fibre-reinforced polymer composites without any additional configurations. However, extreme tropical climate and dynamic wind loads can cause a high risk of sudden failure due to creep, followed by laminate crack propagation, which can induce structural failure. Glass fibre-reinforced polymer composites are more resilient in corrosion resistance, strength, extreme conditions, and life serviceability according to previous literature. The composite can also function as a good insulator in lightning impulse strength of composite cross arms. It is suggested that the current cross arm design has to adopt core structure as reinforcement to the structure by using filament winding process for long-term structures. Hence, the composite structure can withstand extreme environmental conditions via the filament winding process. Thus, this manuscript is expected to deliver a state-of-art review on the manufacturing process, perspectives, and potential of filament-wounded composite as cross arms in transmission towers. � 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
13
Home Energy Management Systems: A Review of the Concept, Architecture, and Scheduling Strategies
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023)
Han B.
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Zahraoui Y.
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Mubin M.
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Mekhilef S.
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Seyedmahmoudian M.
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Stojcevski A.
;
58128219400
;
57223913703
;
25930079700
;
57928298500
;
55575761400
;
55884935900
Growing electricity demand, the deployment of renewable energy sources and the widespread use of smart home appliances provide new opportunities for home energy management systems (HEMSs), which can be defined as systems that improve the overall energy production and consumption of residential buildings by controlling and scheduling the use of household equipment. By saving energy, reducing residential electricity costs, optimizing the utilization rate and reliability of utility companies' power systems, and reducing air pollution for society, HEMSs lead to an enhancement in the socioeconomic development of low-carbon economies. This review aims to systematically analyze and summarize the development trends and challenges of HEMSs in recent years. This paper reviews the development history of the HEMS architecture and discusses the characteristics of several major communication technologies in the current HEMS infrastructure. In addition, the common objectives and constraints related to scheduling optimization are classified, and several optimization methods in the literature, including various intelligent algorithms, have been introduced, compared, and critically analyzed. Furthermore, experimental studies and challenges in the real world are also summarized and recommendations are given. This paper reveals the trend from simple to complex in the architecture and functionality of HEMSs, discusses the challenges for future improvements in modeling and scheduling, and shows the development of various modeling and scheduling methods. Based on this review, researchers can gain a comprehensive understanding of current research trends in HEMSs and open up ideas for developing new modeling and scheduling approaches by gaining insight into the trade-offs between optimum solutions and computational complexity. � 2013 IEEE.
12
Impact of air pollutants on climate change and prediction of air quality index using machine learning models
(Academic Press Inc., 2023)
Ravindiran G.
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Rajamanickam S.
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Kanagarathinam K.
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Hayder G.
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Janardhan G.
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Arunkumar P.
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Arunachalam S.
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AlObaid A.A.
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Warad I.
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Muniasamy S.K.
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57226345669
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57190127095
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57203041846
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56239664100
;
57217976806
;
58498085600
;
57784786600
;
57223087505
;
6506402060
;
57214630614
The impact of air pollution in Chennai metropolitan city, a southern Indian coastal city was examined to predict the Air Quality Index (AQI). Regular monitoring and prediction of the Air Quality Index (AQI) are critical for combating air pollution. The current study created machine learning models such as XGBoost, Random Forest, BaggingRegressor, and LGBMRegressor for the prediction of the AQI using the historical data available from 2017 to 2022. According to historical data, the AQI is highest in January, with a mean value of 104.6 g/gm, and the lowest in August, with a mean AQI value of 63.87 g/gm. Particulate matter, gaseous pollutants, and meteorological parameters were used to predict AQI, and the heat map generated showed that of all the parameters, PM2.5 has the greatest impact on AQI, with a value of 0.91. The log transformation method is used to normalize datasets and determine skewness and kurtosis. The XGBoost model demonstrated strong performance, achieving an R2 (correlation coefficient) of 0.9935, a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.02, a mean square error (MSE) of 0.001, and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.04. In comparison, the LightGBM model's prediction was less effective, as it attained an R2 of 0.9748. According to the study, the AQI in Chennai has been increasing over the last two years, and if the same conditions persist, the city's air pollution will worsen in the future. Furthermore, accurate future air quality level predictions can be made using historical data and advanced machine learning algorithms. � 2023 Elsevier Inc.
8
Influence of Layering Pattern, Fibre Architecture, and Alkalization on Physical, Mechanical, and Morphological Behaviour of Banana Fibre Epoxy Composites
(Hindawi Limited, 2023)
Gebremaryam G.
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Shahapurkar K.
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Chenrayan V.
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Althoey F.
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Hadidi H.M.
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Soudagar M.E.M.
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Tirth V.
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Algahtani A.
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Al-Mughanam T.
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Alghtani A.H.
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Murthy H.C.A.
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58662688000
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57196344622
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57197452830
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57200723320
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57193068777
;
57194384501
;
24725356900
;
55948151700
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57194083410
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57222341045
;
59169076900
In the current investigation, the mechanical properties of epoxy composites reinforced with banana pseudostem fibres, specifically focusing on tensile and impact behaviour, are investigated. The manufacturing process employed the meticulous hand-lay-up technique to fabricate six distinct samples. These samples included various combinations of short and woven banana fibres, treated and untreated, as well as a hybrid configuration involving layers of woven and short fibres. A fixed weight ratio of 60% fibres to 40% epoxy matrix was maintained for consistency. To ensure optimal material integrity, a careful application of resin and hardener in a 10: 1 weight ratio was layered, with each addition of fibre followed by thorough rolling to eliminate any potential bubbles. The density and void fraction of the resulting composites were meticulously assessed to gauge the influence of this layering approach. Additionally, an X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was conducted to ascertain the impact of the chemical treatment on the cellulose content of the fibres. Our findings revealed that the tensile and impact properties were notably superior in the woven fibre composites. In particular, the chemically treated woven banana fibre epoxy composite displayed impressive values of 64.95 MPa for tensile strength and 24.37 KJ/m2 for impact strength. To gain deeper insights into the structure-property relationship, test specimens were analyzed using scanning electron micrographs. Lastly, comparative analysis by mapping the tensile properties from our present work with those from existing studies was carried out. � 2023 Gezahgn Gebremaryam et al.
12
Machine Learning Algorithm for Malware Detection: Taxonomy, Current Challenges, and Future Directions
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023)
Gorment N.Z.
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Selamat A.
;
Cheng L.K.
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Krejcar O.
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57201987388
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24468984100
;
57188850203
;
14719632500
Malware has emerged as a cyber security threat that continuously changes to target computer systems, smart devices, and extensive networks with the development of information technologies. As a result, malware detection has always been a major worry and a difficult issue, owing to shortcomings in performance accuracy, analysis type, and malware detection approaches that fail to identify unexpected malware attacks. This paper seeks to conduct a thorough systematic literature review (SLR) and offer a taxonomy of machine learning methods for malware detection that considers these problems by analyzing 77 chosen research works related to malware detection using machine learning algorithm. The research investigates malware and machine learning in the context of cybersecurity, including malware detection taxonomy and machine learning algorithm classification into numerous categories. Furthermore, the taxonomy was used to evaluate the most recent machine learning algorithm and analysis. The paper also examines the obstacles and associated concerns encountered in malware detection and potential remedies. Finally, to address the related issues that would motivate researchers in their future work, an empirical study was utilized to assess the performance of several machine learning algorithms. � 2013 IEEE.
10
Multiwavelength Random Fiber Laser based on Bidirectional SOA and Lyot filter
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023)
David A.P.
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Sulaiman A.H.
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Aliza H.E.M.
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Lah A.A.A.
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Ibrahim S.A.
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Yusoff N.M.
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57958805300
;
36810678100
;
58639485100
;
57202646424
;
24483537000
;
56036869700
We investigated the performance of multiwavelength random fiber laser (MWRFL) using a bidirectional semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) and Lyot filter inside a ring cavity. The bidirectional nature of linear SOA acts as the gain medium while the Lyot filter functions as the wavelength-selective device. The input SOA current, half-wave plate (HWP) angles of polarization controllers (PCs), and the stability of the laser were measured to determine the best optimized lasing line. The best MWRFL performance of 57 lasing lines within the 5 dB spectral range, 27.5 dB extinction ratio (ER), and 11.4 nm multiwavelength bandwidth are achieved through 550 mA of SOA current. The HWP angles of 90� and 120� for PC1 and PC2 respectively aid in the best polarization state of the output spectrum compared to other HWP angles measured at every interval of 30�. The laser had good stability with a maximum peak value deviation of 0.35 dBm at a wavelength range from 1541.0 nm to 1549.0 nm. � 2023 IEEE.
7
Obfuscated Malware Detection: Impacts on Detection Methods
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023)
Gorment N.Z.
;
Selamat A.
;
Krejcar O.
;
57201987388
;
24468984100
;
14719632500
Obfuscated malware poses a challenge to traditional malware detection methods as it uses various techniques to disguise its behavior and evade detection. This paper focuses on the impacts of obfuscated malware detection techniques using a variety of detection methods. Furthermore, this paper discusses the current state of obfuscated malware, the methods used to detect it, and the limitations of those methods. The impact of obfuscation on the effectiveness of detection methods is also discussed. An approach for the creation of advanced detection techniques based on machine learning algorithms is offered, along with an empirical examination of malware detection performance assessment to battle obfuscated malware. Overall, this paper highlights the importance of staying ahead of the constantly evolving threat landscape to safeguard computer networks and systems. � 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
43
Optimization of reflow profile for copper pillar with SAC305 solder cap FCCSP
(Springer, 2023)
Zainudin W.Z.Z.W.
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Yong T.C.
;
Hui T.C.
;
Kar Y.B.
;
Hoong W.Y.
;
58072690400
;
16029485400
;
55340767200
;
58072938600
;
58071699600
The current trend of electrical devices development is progressing towards miniaturization, multi-function and high density, device integration and fine pitch in a smaller package size. This led to the invention of copper pillar bumps which acts as a connection between the dies to its corresponding substrate, which allows the fabrication of smaller semiconductor devices. The dies were mounted onto the substrate by undergoing mass reflow process where the SAC305 solder from the copper pillar bumps and substrate bumps will melt together and solidify to form a solder joint. The quality of the solder joint is influenced by the parameters that govern the reflow profile, which are ramp rate, soak time, time above liquidus time, peak temperature and cooling rate. If the reflow profile is not properly optimized, defects such as voids in the solder joint can pose a reliability issue for the packaged unit. Therefore, in this paper, ramp rate, soak time and time above liquidus of reflow profiles for die utilizing copper pillar bumps with SAC305 as its solder material was studied and optimized in finding the recommended range of each parameter of the reflow profiles that yield the least voiding in the solder joint. The experiment was conducted by varying the reflow profile parameter which are ramp rate, soak time and time above liquidus, which the solder joint cross section and X-ray images were then analysed to study its influences. Additional experiment that investigates flux outgassing rate of different flux activity levels and the influence of component standoff height and mis-alignment offset towards solder-creeping defect were conducted in this article. � 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
9
Photosynthetic microbial desalination cell (PhMDC) using Chlamydomonas sp. (UKM6) and Scenedesmus sp. (UKM9) as biocatalysts for electricity production and water treatment
(Elsevier Ltd, 2023)
Nadzri N.A.A.
;
Mohd Yasin N.H.
;
Abu Bakar M.H.
;
Thanakodi S.
;
Salehmin M.N.I.
;
Takriff M.S.
;
Ni Aznan M.F.
;
Maeda T.
;
58115410100
;
40461899300
;
57195067276
;
37012969200
;
55628787200
;
7801559144
;
58115033500
;
57212755607
A current Microbial Desalination Cell (MDC) system often uses chemicals or air cathodes that are toxic and impractical for scalable applications. This work presents the MDC performance that utilized microalgae species Chlamydomonas sp. (UKM6) and Scenedesmus sp. (UKM9). These species supported the role of the terminal electron acceptor in the cathode chamber of photosynthetic MDCs (PhMDC). The results showed that PhMDC-UKM9 and UKM6 produced 1942 mW/m3 and 1714 mW/m3 power densities with 44% and 32% desalination rates, respectively. The desalination of salt concentration (35 g/L) was approaching the practical application of seawater. Both UKM6 and UKM9 achieved chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal in the anode chamber by 49% and 53%, respectively. 16S microbial community analysis in anolyte revealed phylum Firmicutes as the dominion community. This study demonstrated that the local microalgae species integrate power production, wastewater treatment, and water purification through PhMDC operation, comparable with other studies using commercial microalgae. � 2023 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC
8
Transformer-Based Model for Malicious URL Classification
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023)
Do N.Q.
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Selamat A.
;
Lim K.C.
;
Krejcar O.
;
Ghani N.A.M.
;
57283917100
;
24468984100
;
57889660500
;
14719632500
;
57215593148
In recent years, cyber threats including malicious software, virus, spam, and phishing have grown aggressively via compromised Uniform Resource Locators (URLs). However, the current phishing URL detection solutions based on supervised learning use labeled data for training and classification, leading to the dependency on known attacking patterns. These approaches have limitations in fighting against evolving phishing tactics, resulting in a lack of robustness and sustainability. In this study, an unsupervised transformer model is proposed to address the drawbacks of the existing methods which use supervised learning to combat zero-day phishing attacks. Specifically, Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) is adopted in this paper to classify malicious URLs. The proposed model was trained on a public dataset and benchmarked with various baseline models using several performance metrics. Results obtained from the experiments showed that BERT-Medium achieved the highest detection accuracy of 98.55% among numerous transformer based models and outperformed other text embedding and deep learning techniques, indicating that the proposed solution is effective and robust in detecting phishing URLs. � 2023 IEEE.
9
Unlocking the potential of metal-organic frameworks-based mixed matrix membranes for hydrogen separation and purification
(Korean Society of Industrial Engineering Chemistry, 2023)
Ahmad N.N.R.
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Lee Y.
;
Abdul Hamid M.R.
;
Mohd Ghazi T.I.
;
Nasir R.
;
Leo C.P.
;
Koh S.P.
;
Pasupuleti J.
;
Tiong S.K.
;
54408069300
;
58560629100
;
57201981848
;
36239011900
;
55669014300
;
57210845670
;
22951210700
;
11340187300
;
15128307800
Membrane-based separation is a promising technology for hydrogen separation and purification due to its low energy consumption. Conventional membranes, such as polymeric membranes, often suffer from permeability-selectivity trade-offs weakening their potential for challenging gas separations. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with uniform apertures, high porosities, large internal surface areas, and tunable functionalities make them excellent fillers in mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) fabrication for hydrogen separation. This review evaluates current state-of-the-art MMMs performances, explores the challenges in MMMs fabrication, and discusses current strategies in MOF-based MMMs fabrication and modification aspects to enhance the membrane performance, specifically for H2/CO2, H2/CH4, and H2/N2 separation. Moreover, the hydrogen separation performance of MOF-based MMMs at elevated temperatures and pressure and improvement in antiaging and antiplasticization properties are discussed in detail. The outlook and perspectives for MOF-based MMMs for hydrogen separation are also provided. This review offers insight into the potential of MOFs as porous fillers in MMMs fabrication for hydrogen separation application. � 2023 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry
12
The utilization and potential of solar energy in Somalia: Current state and prospects
(Elsevier Ltd, 2023)
Samatar A.M.
;
Mekhilef S.
;
Mokhlis H.
;
Kermadi M.
;
Diblawe A.M.
;
Stojcevski A.
;
Seyedmahmoudian M.
;
57734751200
;
57928298500
;
8136874200
;
57160269100
;
57734368700
;
55884935900
;
55575761400
In Somalia, access to electricity impedes economic growth and sustainable development. Despite having abundant solar energy potential due to its location near the equator, the utilization of solar energy in Somalia is still limited due to unfamiliarity, lack of energy awareness, high initial costs, and lack of infrastructure. The Somali government has established the National Regulatory Authority and set a goal to increase energy access from 15 to 45% by 2024 through the National Development Plan (NDP) 9th (2020�2024). This study aims to analyze and verify the utilization and potential of solar energy in Somalia to understand opportunities and challenges and identify suitable areas and technologies for development. This study explores Somalia's energy profile and the potential for harnessing solar energy. The installed photovoltaic capacity was found to be 41 MW and contributed 11.9% of the total electricity generation. A case study on a solar power microgrid system in Bacadweyene, Somalia, is also presented. The research provides valuable information on the status of the utilization and potential of solar energy in Somalia and aligns with the NDP 9th. The results can serve as a scientific framework for companies and researchers to seek feasible strategies for future investment in solar energy applications in Somalia. � 2023 The Authors
12

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