DSpace Cris Angular :: Browsing by Subject "% reductions"

Browsing by Subject "% reductions"

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An efficient wastewater treatment through reduction of organic dyes using Ag nanoparticles supported on cellulose gum beads
(Elsevier B.V., 2024)
Khan M.S.J.
;
Sidek L.M.
;
Kamal T.
;
Asiri A.M.
;
Khan S.B.
;
Basri H.
;
Zawawi M.H.
;
Ahmed A.N.
;
57214778682
;
35070506500
;
56816636300
;
6701506021
;
36059229400
;
57065823300
;
39162217600
;
57214837520
This work reports silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) supported on biopolymer carboxymethyl cellulose beads (Ag-CMC) serves as an efficient catalyst in the reduction process of p-nitrophenol (p-NP) and methyl orange (MO). For Ag-CMC synthesis, first CMC beads were prepared by crosslinking the CMC solution in aluminium nitrate solution and then the CMC beads were introduced into AgNO3 solution to adsorb Ag ions. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) analysis suggests the uniform distribution of Ag nanoparticles on the CMC beads. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed the metallic and fcc planes of AgNPs, respectively, in the Ag-CMC catalyst. The Ag-CMC catalyst exhibits remarkable reduction activity for the p-NP and MO dyes with the highest rate constant (kapp) of a chemical reaction is 0.519 and 0.697 min?1, respectively. Comparative reduction studies of Ag-CMC with CMC, Fe-CMC and Co-CMC disclosed that Ag-CMC containing AgNPs is an important factore in reducing the organic pollutants like p-NP and MO dyes. During the recyclability tests, the Ag-CMC also maintained high reduction activity, which suggests that CMC protects the AgNPs from leaching during dye reduction reactions. ? 2023 Elsevier B.V.
2
Heat mitigation in basal compacted clay liners in municipal solid waste landfills
(Springer, 2024)
Jayawardane V.
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Anggraini V.
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Tran M.-V.
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Mirzababaei M.
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Syamsir A.
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57219390358
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35072537800
;
56539359800
;
35076385800
;
57195320482
In municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills, biodegradation of the organic MSW fraction results in elevated waste and basal liner temperatures which have the potential to cause the clay component of the basal liner to experience severe moisture loss over time and eventually undergo desiccation cracking. Cracking of the basal liner?s clay component would result in an uncontrolled release of contaminants into the surrounding environment and ultimately give rise to a variety of major environmental concerns. Accordingly, this study examined the variation of temperature-moisture profiles along the depth of a compacted clay liner (CCL) exposed to different constant elevated waste temperatures (CETs) in the absence and presence of two heat reduction techniques, respectively. Rockwool insulation layers with varying thicknesses and galvanized steel cooling pipes with varying flowrates were introduced separately as the two heat reduction techniques. Introduction of both techniques led to a significant attenuation of the temperature rise and desiccation experienced by the CCL in the face of different CETs. An increase in rockwool thickness increments led to a progressive reduction of CCL temperature, while an increase in flow rate under turbulent condition did not have a significant influence on the temperature and desiccation reduction of the CCL. Nevertheless, the present study certainly highlights the potential of the two proposed heat reduction techniques to minimize desiccation and consequently increase the service life of CCLs exposed to different elevated temperatures in MSW landfills. ? The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.
3
Physical and Chemical Investigation of TiO2Nanotubes Treated with Isopropyl Triisostearoyl Titanate (KR-TTS)
(Hindawi Limited, 2023)
Sabri B.A.
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Satgunam M.
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Manap A.
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Gnanasagaran C.L.
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Ramachandran K.
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57221737520
;
48561725600
;
57200642155
;
57927748800
;
57222623565
The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of isopropyl triisostearoyl titanate (KR-TTS) as a titanate coupling agent (TCA) on surface modification of TiO2 nanotube (TNT) material. From the physical and chemical studies that have been performed on the modified TiO2 nanotube, scanning electron microscope micrographs, energy-dispersive X-ray and viscosity indicated that there was significant reduction in particle aggregation of the modified TiO2 Nanotube. FTIR spectroscopy confirmed that the functional group of the TCA reacted with the hydroxyl groups present on the surface of TiO2 nanotube resulting in an altered surface property from being hydrophilic to hydrophobic. X-ray diffraction indicated that crystalline structure did not change upon the modification with the coupling agent. Isopropyl triisostearoyl titanate (KR-TTS) is found to be superior in performance and has a significant effect on the dispersion and resolving of agglomeration. This paper presents the effect of surface modification with the TCA of isopropyl triisostearoyl titanate (KR-TTS) type on the TiO2 nanotube material. � 2023 Ban Ali Sabri et al.
10
Stormwater characterisation and modelling for Sungai Air Hitam in Selangor, Malaysia using model for urban stormwater improvement conceptualisation (music)
(Elsevier B.V., 2024)
Idros N.
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Sidek L.M.
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Rahim N.A.A.M.
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Noh N.M.
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Abdelkader A.M.
;
Mohiyaden H.A.
;
Basri H.
;
Zawawi M.H.B.
;
Ahmed A.N.
;
56682034400
;
35070506500
;
58939980900
;
57205236493
;
57858047400
;
56780374500
;
57065823300
;
39162217600
;
57214837520
The aim of this study is to evaluate the current water quality status of one of the urban rivers in Malaysia, called Sungai Air Hitam. The river's water supply is not only unsuitable for the inhabitants but also hazardous to the aquatic species that depend on it. In order to simulate the water quality formulation of the river, the Model for Urban Stormwater Improvement Conceptualization (MUSIC) was used. The effects of various best management practices (BMPs) components have been examined to improve the river's water quality. This study also investigated different scenarios of the expected future changes in the land cover and the quality of the river. As the proportion of impervious surfaces increases, the urban hydrology cycle can be significantly altered, resulting in an increase in volumes and peak flows, and a decrease in storage, infiltration, and interception. The MUSIC results have shown significant reductions in biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solids (TSS), total phosphorus (TP), and total nitrogen (TN) after introducing BMPs. It was also noticed that the prediction of pollutants falls within the acceptable range set by the Urban Stormwater Management Manual for Malaysia (MSMA) 2nd edition. For the land cover, it was found that the total reduction of BOD, TSS, TP, and TN for existing land use is 92.5 %, 94.5 %, 90.7 % and 91.9 %. Meanwhile, the total reduction in future land use is 81.6 % for BOD, 86.2 % for TSS, 80.9 % for TP and 80.8 % for TN. From the simulation results, it was observed that the application of BMPs has successfully reduced the observed mean BOD concentration from 92.38 mg/L (Class V) to 6.93 mg/L (Class IV) of the national water quality standards, NWQS, water quality index. As a result, the water quality index of the overall catchment has improved from Class IV to Class III (WQ1, WQ3, and WQ4) and from Class V to IV (WQ2) with the application of the BMPs. This assessment aims to raise awareness within the Sungai Air Hitam community regarding the importance of preserving river cleanliness and understanding the long-term environmental impact of water quality. These findings underscore the importance of an integrated system in managing urban water systems, which can offer valuable insight to the decision-makers. ? 2024 The Author(s)
7
Towards lowering computational power in IoT systems: Clustering algorithm for high-dimensional data stream using entropy window reduction
(Elsevier B.V., 2023)
Alkawsi G.
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Al-amri R.
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Baashar Y.
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Ghorashi S.
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Alabdulkreem E.
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Kiong Tiong S.
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57191982354
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57224896623
;
56768090200
;
57219241229
;
55320872600
;
57219799117
In a world of connectivity empowered by the advancement of the Internet of Things (IoT), an infinite number of data streams have emerged. Thus, data stream clustering is crucial for extracting hidden knowledge and data mining. Various data stream clustering methods have lately been introduced. Yet, the majority of such algorithms are affected by the curse of high dimensionality. Lately, a fully online buffer-based clustering algorithm for handling evolving data streams (BOCEDS) was developed. Similarly to other existing density-based clustering methods, BOCEDS is not capable of handling high-dimensional data and has high computational power and high memory utilization. This paper introduces an Entropy Window Reduction (EWR) algorithm, which is an improved version of the BOCEDS technique. EWR is a fully online clustering technique for handling high-dimensional data streams using feature ranking and sorting. This process is accomplished by calculating the entropy of specific features with respect to the time window. The findings of the experiments are compared to the outcomes of BOCEDS, CEDAS, and MuDi-Stream algorithms. The outcomes indicate that the EWR algorithm outperformed the baseline clustering algorithms. The results are demonstrated using the KDDCup�99 dataset in terms of quality and complexity evaluation on the average of F-Measures, Jaccard Index, Fowlkes�Mallows index, Purity, and Rand Index as well as the memory usage and computational power with 88%, 66%, 81%, 100%, and 66%, respectively. The results also show low memory usage and computing power in comparison with the baseline algorithms. � 2023 THE AUTHORS
33

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